The ntersection Between Drug Abuse and Increased Road Accidents in Nigeria

Abstract

Road traffic accidents (RTAs) represent a critical public health concern in Nigeria, contributing significantly to morbidity, mortality, and socio-economic costs. At the same time, the misuse of psychoactive substances both legal (such as alcohol) and illegal (such as cannabis and stimulants) has been on the rise, particularly among commercial drivers, transport operators, and vulnerable youth groups. This study examines the hypothesis that substance abuse is a major factor driving the increasing incidence of RTAs in Nigeria. Utilizing a mixed-methods design comprising surveys, roadside toxicological assessments, and crash data analysis, the research investigates: (a) the extent of psychoactive substance consumption among drivers, (b) the statistical relationship between substance use indicators and accident frequency, and (c) mediating variables such as fatigue, risky behavior, and law enforcement measures. The literature review synthesizes both Nigerian and international studies, while the theoretical orientation integrates human factors theory, deterrence theory, and the epidemiological model of causation. Quantitative analysis employs logistic regression, time-series correlation, and structural equation modeling, while qualitative interviews capture drivers’ attitudes, perceptions, and motivations. Initial findings indicate that drug use raises the likelihood of involvement in moderate-to-severe crashes by a factor of two to three, even after accounting for confounding variables such as road infrastructure and vehicle maintenance. The study concludes with policy suggestions including compulsory drug testing for commercial drivers, nationwide sensitization campaigns, and improved inter-agency collaboration. These findings carry important implications for traffic safety reforms, drug-control strategies, and behavioral health interventions in Nigeria and comparable developing contexts.