Culture, Religion, and Gender Relations in the Adoption of Family Planning in Delta North Senatorial District

A Sociological Analysis

Abstract

In Nigeria, family planning (FP) is still essential for gender parity and public health, especially in areas with high fertility rates and ongoing issues with mother and child health. Several regions of the nation, especially Delta North Senatorial District, continue to have low rates of contraceptive use despite a national family planning program and increased knowledge of contemporary technologies. This study examines the ways in which gender interactions, religious doctrines, and cultural attitudes affect whether family planning methods are adopted or rejected in this setting. The study uses a mixed-methods sociological approach, analysing survey data, focus group talks, and in-depth interviews with male and female respondents in Delta North. The findings reveal a complex interplay of factors: while awareness is relatively high, deep-rooted cultural myths, religious interpretations, and patriarchal gender norms act as formidable barriers to uptake. These are compounded by structural health system challenges, such as inadequate supply of contraceptives and poor access to reproductive health services. The study applies theoretical frameworks including the Health Belief Model, Gender and Power Theory, and Diffusion of Innovations Theory to assess the complex character of FP uptake. It finishes with recommendations for culturally aware, gender-responsive, and religiously contextualized family planning strategies.