Flood and Erosion Control Measures of the Cross River Basin Development Authority’s

Implications for Farmers and Food Security in Cross River State, Nigeria

Abstract

Flooding and erosion present severe environmental and socio-economic challenges in Cross River State, threatening agricultural productivity, livelihoods, and food security. This study examines measures implemented by the Cross River Basin Development Authority (CRBDA) to control flood and erosion, assessing their effectiveness and implications for farmers. Using a structured questionnaire administered to farming communities, data were analyzed with simple percentages and standard deviation. Findings indicate that while CRBDA has introduced certain structural and non-structural interventions, flooding remains a persistent problem across the state. Farmers overwhelmingly reported recurrent crop destruction, loss of livelihoods, and in some cases, loss of lives due to flood disasters. The study also revealed that flood and erosion significantly disrupt business activities, highlighting the broad economic consequences of inadequate interventions. The results underscore weaknesses in institutional capacity, poor maintenance culture, and limited community participation in flood control projects. Anchored on the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework and Food Security Model, the study concludes that CRBDA’s measures are insufficient for building resilience. It recommends integrated flood management, community participation, climate-smart agriculture, and stronger institutional accountability to ensure sustainable flood/erosion control and enhance food security in Cross River State.