Impact of Peer Victimization on In-School Adolescents Understanding, Prevention and Intervention Strategies

Abstract

Globally, the educational settings are faced with a high prevalence of peer victimization with its obvious consequences, which undermine the academic performance, mental health, and overall well-being of the students. In Nigeria, this phenomenon remains underexplored, yet its implications are profound. This paper discusses the impact of peer victimization on in-school adolescents, specifically on understanding, prevention, and intervention strategies. It describes varying forms of peer victimization via verbal, physical, relational, and attacks on property. The prevalence of peer victimization is high, with notable contributing factors including individual, family, environment, peer relationship, and school environment factors. The effects of peer victimization on adolescents include psychological, academic, and social development problems. The significance of addressing peer victimization will help in maintaining a safe and supportive learning environment, reducing the risk of mental health problems, low self-esteem, and improved academic performances. The strategies for prevention and interventions within the Nigerian context are discussed. The paper recommends the need for positive school climate, training educators and students on recognizing and addressing victimization, and providing resources for victims. These approaches would be instrumental in creating a more inclusive environment that would promote the well-being and academic achievement of all students.