Socio-Demographic Characteristics in Relation to the Knowledge of Prostate Cancer Risk Factors and Preventive Measures among Male Civil Servants in Enugu State Nigeria

Abstract

Prostate cancer is a major health problem affecting middle-aged and elderly men across the globe. Despite the efforts made in prostate cancer awareness and prevention, the disease metastasis is still unresolved. This study assessed socio-demographic characteristics in relation to the knowledge of prostate cancer risk factors and preventive measures among male civil servants in Enugu State Nigeria. A cross-sectional study was conducted between September and October, 2025 at various government establishments in Enugu State. A total number of 600 male civil servants participated. Data collection was done using self-structured Knowledge of Risk Factors and Preventive Measures for Prostate Cancer Scale. Descriptive statistics of frequency, percentage, and multivariate logistic regression were used for analyses. The findings reveal that overall, male civil servants in the study had good knowledge (50.0%) of risk factors and poor knowledge (57.5%) of preventive measures for prostate cancer in Enugu State South-East Nigeria. Level of education, place of residence, marital status, age, and annual income (p<.05) were statistically significantly associated with prostate cancer risk factors and preventive measures knowledge of male civil servants. This research proves that good risk factors and preventive measures knowledge of prostate cancer can help to reduce the incidence of the disease and the associated socio-demographic factors. However, Ministry of Health at national and State levels, health programme planners, health educators, and professionals should promote information dissemination on the risk factors and preventive measures of prostate cancer that would enhance further awareness and knowledge of prostate cancer among male civil servants.