Abstract
Urbanization has led to an increased population that supersedes the available urban resources and thus, threatened environmental stability in Nigeria. In view of this, this study investigated the impact of urbanization on environmental sustainability in Nigeria. The study anchored on the urban bias theory of Michael Lipton because it explains factors that propel urbanization and creates a relationship between urbanization and environmental sustainability. The study adopted a descriptive research design. A sample size of 754 was derived for this study and respondents were selected using simple random sampling technique. Data was collected through secondary and primary sources and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study revealed that the challenges facing environmental sustainability in the face of urbanization in Nigeria are; the lack of access to electricity and the use of fossil fuels, overpopulation, waste management, the development of cities without a comprehensive urban plan and enforcement of laws that ensures environmental sustainability like the monthly clean-up exercise. It was therefore recommended that, urban dwellers identify other ways of disposing waste like; burying. Also, those who have been employed to dispose waste should be more effective in their job. The government on the other hand, should provide all that is needed for proper waste disposal and increase the remunerations of these workers so as to improve work morale.