African Journal of Social and Behavioural Sciences

Volume 15 number 1, 2025 Table of Contents — 2025-02-20

(AJSBS) VOLUME 15, NUMBER 1 (JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2024)

A QUANTITATIVE STUDY OF PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS AS PREDICTORS OF COUNTERPRODUCTIVE WORK BEHAVIOURS AMONG PRIVATE SCHOOL TEACHERS IN ILORIN METROPOLIS

Paul O. Ajao — 2025-02-20

This study examined psychosocial factors as predictors of counterproductive work behaviour among selected teachers in the Ilorin metropolis of Nigeria. A survey research method was adopted, and 342 teachers (139 males, 203 females; M=3.12, SD=1.31) were selected using purposive sampling. The research instruments used were the Job Insecurity Index, Genos EI Inventory, and Counterproductive Work Behaviour. The result showed that gender had no significant influence on counterproductive work behaviour among selected teachers in Ilorin metropolis Nigeria f ((340) t= .531; p >.05). In addition, levels of emotional intelligence on counterproductive work behaviour among selected teachers in Ilorin metropolis Nigeria f (340) t= 4.112; p<.05). Lastly, job insecurity and emotional intelligence have significant prediction of 26% on counterproductive work behaviour among selected teachers in Ilorin metropolis Nigeria {R = .218; R2 =.269; F(12.111) p<.01). Thus, it was concluded that job insecurity and emotional intelligence have a notable impact on counterproductive work behaviour. Also, it was discovered that there was no gender difference on CWB. It was thus suggested that the school administration prioritize ensuring job security for teachers, as increased job security correlates with a reduction in unproductive work behaviour. Also, school management should incorporate the evaluation of emotional intelligence in the recruitment and selection process and recognize the necessity of training teachers with low emotional intelligence, as this will enhance their capacity to effectively manage their own behaviour and that of their colleagues in the workplace.

EFFECTIVENESS OF PUBLIC ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES IN REDUCING CARBON EMISSION IN NIGERIA

David Thompson Udoffia — 2025-02-20

This work evaluated the Effectiveness of Public Environmental Policies in Reducing Carbon Emissions in Nigeria. The scope of the study spanned from 1990 to 2022. An ex-post facto research design was adopted. The objectives were to examine the impact of public environmental policies on carbon emissions in Nigeria and the relationship between public environmental policies and carbon emissions in Nigeria. To achieve the stated objectives of this work, ARDL Bounds Test technique was used. From the findings, the study discovered a positive and significant impact of public environmental policies on carbon emissions in Nigeria. A long-run relationship was found between public environmental policies and carbon emissions in Nigeria, as validated by the ARDL Bounds test. The Error Correction Model revealed evidence of a strong speed of adjustment in case of short-run distortions in carbon emission towards meeting the long-run equilibrium. Since the positive and significant impact of public environmental policies on reducing carbon emission was found both in the short-run and long-run, there is the need to strengthen the implementation of public environmental policies by enforcing the implementation of the policies by the government to ensure their maximum impact. Also, there is a need to ensure the adequate transition to renewable energy sources and support policies that can transition to cleaner energy options with a significant reduction of carbon emissions in Nigeria. Finally, policymakers should prioritise and incentivise sustainable farming practices that decrease emissions while maintaining productivity.

REVITALIZING KNOWLEDGE RESOURCE CENTRES IN NIGERIAN UNIVERSITIES FOR ENHANCED DIGITAL LIBRARY SERVICES

Suleiman Hussaini — 2025-02-20

Information Communication Technology has changed the way Knowledge Resource Centres (KRC) operate today. This has led most of the KRC to move from the old way of providing services to users to the modern method due to Information Communication Technology which gave birth to digital services. This article aimed to reposition the Information Resource Centre for the effective dissemination of information through digital services. The need to reconfigure the KRC for an effective digital library was also explored. It highlights the concept of a digital library by studying the basic requirements and equipment needed to restore KRC for effective digital services. The article examines some of the opportunities and issues associated with creating a KRC digital library, such as better accessibility, faster information retrieval, copyright/license, and power outages, to name a few. It concluded that KRC, which relies heavily on print resources, should rethink and incorporate digital services to effectively serve its remote users and also figure out how to maintain digital services so that library services are effective. Some recommendations were made which included that KRC should try to persuade and obtain a copyright license from publishers/authors. This would help them provide a better service to their users. KRC should continue to improve users' digital services by ensuring that users can access resources anytime, anywhere, and any day, it will help them change their way of thinking to take advantage of the latest digital technologies/services.

ADOPTION OF TRADITIONAL AND DIGITAL MARKETING COMMUNICATION MEDIA IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY

Agnes Edem Bassey — 2025-02-21

The study examines the adoption of traditional and digital marketing communication media in the 21st century through a conceptual analysis of 15 peer-reviewed journal articles from three online portals (Google Scholar, Research Gate, and Semantic Scholars). Exploratory research design was adopted, and secondary data were gathered from extant literature and online journal articles published on traditional and digital marketing communication media acceptance from 2011 to 2023, as well as peer-reviewed journals written in English and available in full text. The inclusion-exclusion criteria aided this process with the help of a critical appraisal skill programme (CASP). Findings indicate media acceptance rates of 45 percent (traditional), 52 percent (digital), and 3.4 percent (hybrid), respectively. The study concludes with recommendations for a 360-degree marketing strategy to optimize effectiveness in a complex media environment.

ADOPTION OF TRADITIONAL AND DIGITAL MARKETING COMMUNICATION MEDIA IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY

Agnes Edem Bassey — 2025-02-20

ROOT CAUSES OF CYBERCRIME AMONG UNDERGRADUATES IN BENIN CITY

Ohiomah Ajayi — 2025-02-20

This study investigated the root causes of cybercrime among undergraduates in Benin City, Nigeria. Using a quantitative research design, the study examined the relationships between economic necessity, cyber security awareness, and engagement of undergraduates in cybercrime. A total of 300 questionnaires were administered to selected respondents using the stratified random sampling technique. Simple percentages were used to analyse the demographic characteristics of the respondents, while chi-square analyses were used to analyse the data and test the hypotheses. The findings revealed a significant relationship between economic necessity and the involvement of ndergraduates in cybercrime (χ² = 12.96, p < 0.05). Additionally, the results showed a significant relationship between cyber security awareness and the vulnerability of undergraduates to cybercrime (χ² = 16.00, p < 0.05). The quantitative Findings showed that 60% of the respondents were males, while 40% were females. Also, 40% of the respondents were between 18-20 years, 30% were between 21-23 years, 15% were between 24-26 years, and 15% were between 27-30 years. The Chi-square analysis revealed a significant relationship between economic necessity and undergraduates’ engagement in cybercrime. The findings suggested that economic hardship drives undergraduates to engage in cybercrime as a means of survival. The Chi-square analysis also showed a significant relationship between cybersecurity awareness and the involvement of undergraduates in cybercrime using Chi-square analysis. The findings suggested that undergraduates who lacked cyber security awareness were more vulnerable to cybercrime. The study contributed to the understanding of the root causes of cybercrime among undergraduates in Benin City, Nigeria. It provided recommendations for policymakers, law enforcement agencies, and stakeholders seeking to combat cybercrime.

SOCIAL MEDIA CELEBRITY ENDORSEMENT AND CONSUMERISM: ASSESSMENT OF STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION OF GENEVIEVE NNAJI’S ENDORSEMENT OF LUNA MILK

Chukwuemeka Ononuju Nwankiti — 2025-02-20

This study examines the effects of celebrity endorsement on social media to influence consumer behaviour among undergraduate students of Ebonyi State University (EBSU), Abakaliki, with a focus on Genevieve Nnaji’s endorsement of Luna Milk. 400 students were
surveyed using the Taro Yamane method. Social Learning Theory was adopted to explain the behavioural pattern, while four research questions and objectives guided the study. Data was analysed using percentages and 4 Likert scale mean value method. Findings revealed that Genevieve’s messages on Facebook and Instagram have the strongest impact on the students and that her endorsements of the product have generated high brand loyalty, which will be sustained for a very long time. Therefore, there is a strong relationship between celebrity endorsement messages, brand loyalty and associated positive purchase decisions. It can be concluded that Genevieve’s endorsement of Luna Milk has gone a long way to generate brand loyalty among students. Therefore, the study recommends that marketers should note that advertising has taken a revolutionary spin towards social media. Youths no longer pay much attention to conventional media, and as such it is better to use celebrities who are social media influencers with active followers to advertise products that youths are the significant target consumers.

POST-EVALUATIVE ANALYSIS OF COVID - 19’s IMPACT ON BUSINESS ENTERPRISES IN UYO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, AKWA IBOM STATE, NIGERIA

Ephraim Harry Aniekan — 2025-02-20

The emergence and spread of the COVID-19 pandemic was a global health crisis of the 21st century and stood as the greatest challenge ever faced after World War II. Not only were countries, races, and statuses affected. Organisational health and businesses were equally affected. Up till today, some countries, families and individuals are still grappling with the devastation caused by the pandemic. The paper is a post-evaluation of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on selected business organisations in Akwa Ibom State using a qualitative approach. The study design was ex post facto. Two hundred and thirty (230) business organisations were selected using simple random sampling and simple percentage and content analysis were used in the presentation of data. Dynamic Capabilities theory provided an explanatory framework. The findings of the study revealed that the COVID-19 pandemic affected all the business enterprises studied in the state. The pandemic affected enormously the productivity capacity of 220 (84.29%) businesses studied. Many of the businesses (84.29%) could not operate due to the pandemic. About 95% of workers in these enterprises were retrenched, while others were made to work from home remotely. Workers’ income (salaries and allowances) was cut, and work relationships were disrupted. The study recommended, among others, the need for business organisations to change their business model in terms of resource and raw material sourcing. Also, the study recommended the need for continued enforcement of safety protocol as it seems to have been slack, even as new variants of the disease have been reported recently in 9 countries of the world.

MEDIA EXPOSURE AS A MEDIATOR OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CULTURAL IDENTITY AND BODY IMAGE SATISFACTION AMONG ADOLESCENTS

Emmanuella U Anozie — 2025-02-20

This study investigated media exposure as a mediator of the relationship between cultural identity and body image satisfaction among adolescents. Four (4) hypotheses were postulated. Data were collected through convenience sampling using three hundred (300) participants. Results from the data analysis indicate that cultural identity is strongly and positively related to body image satisfaction, r=.59, p<.01, emphasizing that individuals with a stronger cultural identity are more likely to be satisfied with their body image. This highlights the role cultural identity plays in shaping positive perceptions of one’s body. Also, Cultural identity was found to be a significant predictor of media exposure (β=.14, t (203) =4.02, p<.001), with a CI ranging from .21 to .61. This shows that individuals with higher cultural identity are more likely to have greater media exposure. However, media exposure was found to be negatively correlated with body image satisfaction, r=−.05, p>.05, though this relationship was not statistically significant. The negative direction of this correlation implies that higher media exposure may be associated with lower body image satisfaction. Lastly, it was revealed from the result that Media exposure mediated the relationship between cultural identity and body image satisfaction. However, the mediation effect was negative; indicating that while cultural identity positively influences body image satisfaction, increased media exposure slightly diminishes this positive effect. Cultural identity's total and direct effects on body image satisfaction remained significant, reinforcing the strong positive relationship between these two variables despite the negative mediation by media exposure.

ADOPTION OF TRADITIONAL AND DIGITAL MARKETING COMMUNICATION MEDIA IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY

Agnes Edem Bassey — 2025-02-20

ROLES OF INDIVIDUAL AND ORGANISATIONAL FACTORS IN UNETHICAL PRO-ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR

Chibuzor Uchenna Onuoha — 2025-02-20

Unethical pro-organisational behaviour is common in many work organisations. Few studies have examined the relations between organisational commitment and organisational identification with unethical pro-organisational behaviour among employees in the financial sector. This study investigates the role of organisational commitment and organisational identification on UPB among bank employees. The influence of education and organisational tenure on UPB was also investigated. A purposive sample of 334 bank marketing employees completed a self-administered survey on organisational commitment, organisational identification and unethical pro-organisational behaviour scales. Results showed organisational commitment to significantly and positively predict UPB (β = .40, p < .01) and contributed 24% to UPB. Organisational identification positively predicted UPB (β = .49, p < .01); it contributed 40% to the variance. In addition, education (β = .22, p < .01) and organisational tenure (β = .21, p < .01) positively contributed to UPB. These results suggest that employees who are highly committed, more educated, longer tenure and identified more closely to the organisation were more likely to engage in unethical pro-organisational behaviour. The study concludes that these individual and organisational factors positively predicted UPB among the survey participants.

TECHNOLOGICAL PROFICIENCY AND VIRTUAL COLLABORATION AS PREDICTORS OF GLOBAL ADAPTABILITY AMONG SOCIAL STUDIES PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS IN OYO STATE, NIGERIA

Ololade Gbeminiyi Ogundipe — 2025-02-20

This study investigated the roles of technological proficiency and virtual collaboration as predictors of global adaptability among social studies pre-service teachers in Oyo State, Nigeria. The sample comprised 153 pre-service teachers aged between 20 and 30 years, with a gender distribution of 60% female and 40% male. In an era of rapid technological advancement and global interconnectivity, the capacity for educators to adapt and thrive in diverse environments is crucial. Data were collected using three self-designed scales: the Technological Proficiency Scale (TPS), the Virtual Collaboration Scale (VCS), and the Global Adaptability Scale (GAS), which measure proficiency in technology, engagement in collaborative online activities, and adaptability to different cultural contexts, respectively. The findings revealed moderate levels of technological proficiency and engagement in virtual collaboration among participants. Statistically significant positive correlations were found between both technological proficiency (r = 0.482, p < 0.05) and virtual collaboration (r = 0.396, p < 0.05) with global adaptability. Furthermore, joint regression analysis indicated that technological proficiency and virtual collaboration explained 62% of the variance in global adaptability. In layman's terms, this means that pre-service teachers who are better at using technology and collaborating online are more likely to adjust successfully in diverse cultural settings. The study underscores the necessity for educational institutions to enhance training in technology and collaboration to better prepare future educators for the complexities of global citizenship and cultural adaptability. Recommendations include integrating more technology training and promoting collaborative projects within teacher education programs to improve these essential skills among future educators.

EFFECTIVENESS OF AMNESTY PROGRAMME TO CRIME REDUCTION IN BENUE STATE, NORTH-CENTRAL, NIGERIA

Tersoo Solomon Shaminja — 2025-02-20

Benue State North Central Nigeria is being faced with different dimensions of crimes which are taking sophisticated forms day-by-day and one of the measures taken to either prevent or reduce crimes by the Ortom administration in 2015 was the Amnesty Programme granted to criminals and those in possession of illegal arms. At the moment, the persistent state of insecurity in some parts of Benue and the rise in armed violent crimes due to the possession/proliferation of light and small arms by some youths and the need for peace is generating the clamour for amnesty across some stakeholders. This paper which is anchored on the control theory of crime therefore appraises pre and post amnesty programme in Benue State North Central Nigeria with the purpose of finding out the relationship between the programme and crime reduction in the State. The study adopted a descriptive survey using primary data from KII with security experts, traditional and religious leaders, government officials, women and youths as participants and complemented with secondary data from Benue State Police Command. Data was analysed with the aid of SPSS software version 21 which percentages, mean, variance and standard deviation were computed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation to test the hypothesis in order to determine the relationship between variables (Amnesty and Crime Reduction). The study found that the amnesty program was poorly executed proving that the relationship between amnesty and crime reduction in Benue State, Nigeria was negative as the programme has not significantly reduced crimes in Benue State, North Central Nigeria. It further revealed that despite the amnesty program, highly committed crimes that featured prominently in the State during the study period as theft and other stealing, grievous hurt/wound, assault/ criminal force, mischief by fire, unlawful possession, burglary/ criminal trespass and armed robbery. The findings recommended that the amnesty programme be re-visited with more sincerity anchored on sound reformative/rehabilitative initiatives, proper training of youths in skills and sound technical/ science-based education, job creation, poverty reduction measures and zero tolerance to thuggery by all political elites/politicians among others to reduce crime wave in the State.

PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT VIOLATION AND EFFORT WITHHOLDING

Gabriel Aunde Akinbode — 2025-02-20

This study examined the influence of psychological contract violations on employee effort withholding behaviours while considering the mediating roles of conditions of work effectiveness among selected workers of SMEs operating in the Lagos metropolis, Nigeria.
A psychological contract breach can result in changes in employee behaviour, commitment and obligation toward the organization. Based on the social exchange theory of George Homan, this study employs a mixed design of ex-post-facto and cross-sectional survey techniques to collect data from 426 employees across some selected SMEs sampled for the study. The findings revealed a negative relationship between psychological contract violation variables and effort-withholding behaviours. It was established that because the psychological contract is grossly unmet (i.e. very low), workers engaged themselves in a variety of effort-withholding behaviours. Specifically, aptly mediated by the condition of work effectiveness, work environment, compensation and job characteristics contract violations accounted for 42.4%, 51.8% and 13.2% of the observed variance in work effort withholding behaviours among the sampled workers. It was also established that there were significant gender and age differences in effort withholding behaviours: effort
withholding was higher among young adults, middle-aged and older females than their male counterparts. The findings in this present study underscored the much-taunted, perceived vibrancy and resilience of middle-aged female employees in many organizations in Nigeria in recent times.

CONTEMPORARY ISSUES AS GLOBAL CONCERN AND THE TEACHING OF SOCIAL STUDIES EDUCATION IN NIGERIA

Philomena Ngozi Njoku — 2025-02-20

This paper examines the critical role of social studies education in addressing contemporary issues as a global concern. The paper highlights the importance of integrating relevant and significant contemporary topics into the curriculum, fostering critical thinking, global citizenship, and civic action among students. Drawing on a comprehensive set of references, the paper delves into the definition and scope of contemporary issues, presenting examples of major challenges such as climate change, inequality, and migration, and their impacts on global communities. The paper underscores the significance of technology and media literacy in enhancing social studies education, emphasizing the role of educators in utilizing multimedia resources and digital tools to engage students in understanding complex global challenges. Moreover, the integration of interdisciplinary connections between social studies and other subjects is discussed to provide students with a comprehensive understanding of contemporary issues. Addressing potential resistance and controversy in the classroom is critical to this paper, presenting strategies for creating inclusive and respectful learning environments where students can explore diverse perspectives on sensitive topics. Furthermore, the conclusion emphasizes the collective responsibility of educators, policymakers, and communities in fostering global awareness and cultivating the next generation of informed and proactive global citizens. In conclusion, this paper aims to inspire educators, policymakers, and communities to collaborate in advancing social studies education, equipping students with the necessary knowledge, skills, and perspectives to address contemporary global concerns. By nurturing empathy, critical thinking, and a commitment to positive change, we can empower students to become advocates for a more equitable, sustainable, and interconnected world.

ACADEMIC STRESS AND SUICIDAL IDEATION AMONG UNDERGRADUATES IN OYO STATE, NIGERIA

Rasaq Abimbola Fadipe — 2025-02-20

The study examined the relationship between academic stress and suicidal ideation among undergraduates in Oyo State, Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive correlational survey design. Three hypotheses were tested using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) and Correlation Matrix. A simple random sampling technique was employed to select 420 participants from three universities in Oyo State. Data were collected using the Academic Stress and Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire (ASSIQ). The findings revealed that undergraduates in Oyo State experienced high levels of academic stress and suicidal ideation. A significant relationship was found between academic stress and suicidal ideation (r = 0.199, p < 0.05). Further findings indicated that gender, age, class level, place of residence, and course of study significantly predict academic stress among undergraduates in Oyo State. Also, gender, class level, and place of residence significantly predict suicidal ideation, while no significant predictions were found for age and course of study. The study recommended that undergraduates experiencing academic stress in tertiary institutions should seek mental health counselling from professionals to prevent situations that could lead to suicidal ideation in Oyo State. Universities should collaborate with lecturers, level advisors, health practitioners, and school counsellors to launch awareness campaigns in a way to educate undergraduates on coping strategies and resilience-building techniques to manage academic stress and suicidal ideation, considering their gender, age, place of residence, course of study and class level.

ROLE OF STRESS MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES IN ENHANCING HEALTHCARE WORKERS PERFORMANCE

Joseph Emeka Okonkwo — 2025-02-20

The study examined the effect of stress management strategies on the performance of healthcare workers in Asaba Delta State. The study employed a cross-sectional survey research design. The population of the study was 211 employees of five selected private hospitals in Asaba, Delta State. Thus, 138 employees of the selected hospitals in Asaba, Delta State, were selected as the sample size. Stratified random sampling was used. The instrument's reliability test was conducted using internal consistency. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The study employed multiple regression to test the stated hypotheses. The study revealed that relaxation techniques, exercise programs, mindfulness, and time management skills have a positive effect on the performance of healthcare workers. In conclusion, the integration of stress management strategies is vital for the well-being and performance of healthcare workers in Asaba, Delta State. The study recommended that hospital management should enhance its time management skills by prioritizing tasks, setting realistic goals, and using tools like planners or digital calendars.

FROM CONFLICT TO CONSENSUS

Amasekaven Adom — 2025-02-20

Mediation is a traditional mechanism considered helpful in maintaining communal peace across the globe. It was used in former times to resolve conflict among individuals and communities, but the emergence of modernization has affected its use. Yet, it is still considered helpful in achieving communal peace. Despite the emergence of modern methods of resolving conflict, it has remained endemic in society, especially in Nigeria and Benue State. Mediation is considered part of the people’s culture and hence was acceptable. The study undertook to assess how mediation engendered communal peace in Benue State. It investigates the use of mediation in resolving communal conflict. The literature was reviewed in line with the study’s objective and was anchored on the Social Control theory. A cross-sectional research design was adopted. A total of 1128 respondents participated in the study and were selected using multiple-stage sampling techniques. A structured questionnaire and in-depth interview guide were used to collect both quantitative and qualitative data, which was analysed using descriptive statistics and content analysis. The hypothesis for the study was tested using the Pearson r statistical tool. The findings revealed deliberation by neutral third parties as an effective way of mediating and resolving communal conflicts. Test of hypothesis showed a significant relationship among the variables. The study recommends support for policies that recognize and integrate traditional mediation practices into the broader framework of conflict resolution and encouragement of traditional leaders to uphold peace, thereby promoting harmonious coexistence among diverse communities in Benue State, Nigeria.

DIGITAL CONNECTIVITY AND ACCESS TO ONLINE RESOURCES AS PREDICTORS OF GLOBAL COMPETENCE AMONG PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS IN A GLOBALISED WORLD IN OYO STATE

Olatunde O. Ajayi — 2025-02-20

This study explores the predictive roles of digital connectivity and access to online resources in shaping global competence among pre-service teachers in Colleges of Education in Oyo State. A correlational survey research design was employed, involving 310 pre-service teachers selected through simple random sampling from two institutions. Data were collected using three self-designed instruments: the Pre-service Teachers’ Digital Connectivity Scale (PTDCS), the Pre-service Teachers’ Access to Online Resources Scale (PTAORS), and the Pre-service Teachers’ Global Competence Scale (PTGCS). Statistical analyses, including Descriptive Statistics, Pearson Product-Moment Correlation, and Multiple Regression, revealed that while preservice teachers possess moderate levels of digital connectivity and access to online resources, barriers such as unreliable internet and limited institutional support hinder their potential. Nonetheless, they demonstrated moderate to high levels of global competence, particularly in applying global knowledge and engaging with global issues. The study concludes that enhancing digital infrastructure and improving access to online academic resources can significantly boost the global competence of pre-service teachers, providing essential insights for educational policy and curriculum development better to prepare teachers for an interconnected and diverse world.

INDIGENOUS APPRENTICESHIP AND GLOCALIZATION

Hilary C. Anekwe — 2025-02-20

The Igbo apprenticeship system, or "IgbaBoi," represents a cornerstone of acquiring indigenous skills and economic empowerment of youths in Southeast Nigeria. Despite its cultural and economic significance, this system faces challenges from globalization and the dominance of Western-centric entrepreneurship training paradigms. This study examines the potential for "glocalizing" the Igbo apprenticeship system in Anambra State, Nigeria, to ensure its relevance in a globalized economy while maintaining cultural authenticity. The study investigated the socioeconomic characteristics of apprentices and the globalized elements that can be integrated into traditional frameworks to enhance practice. It also assessed perceptions about the impact of glocalization on the economic development/productivity of the beneficiaries. The study employed a survey research design across three major cities, namely, Onitsha, Awka, and Nnewi. The study adopts theory of structuration, which emphasizes the interplay between structure and agency in shaping social practices The sample size was 357 apprentices selected through purposive and snowball sampling techniques. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics (frequency count and percentage). The study revealed a strong representation of young apprentices, aged between 18 and 25 years, and the dominance of males and secondary school leavers in the area. It was also found that the participants strongly agreed that integrating globalized practices in the Indigenous apprenticeship model has a positive impact on the economic productivity of beneficiaries. The study recommends, among others, that integration of globalized practices, such as technological tools and cross-cultural collaboration, can transform the indigenous apprenticeship model and promote skill acquisition and economic empowerment of youths in Anambra state and beyond.

THE IMPACT OF DYNAMIC CAPABILITIES ON THE PERFORMANCE OF BOTTLED WATER FACTORIES IN BAYELSA STATE, NIGERIA

Olalekan Adebowale Asaolu — 2025-02-20

The research investigated how dynamic capabilities affect the performance of bottled water facilities in Bayelsa State. The research utilised a cross-sectional survey design method. The study population comprises 205 employees from the factories. A sample size of 136 respondents was selected. This study used the stratified sampling technique. The research employed a questionnaire as a tool for data collection. A test-retest approach was employed to ascertain the instrument's reliability. Descriptive statistics and Spearman rank correlation were employed as the statistical tools. The outcome indicated a positive correlation between sensing capability (r = 0.668) and seizing capability (r = 0.583) with the organisational performance of water factories in Bayelsa State. This study established a strong positive correlation between dynamic capabilities (sensing and seizing) and the organisational performance of bottled water factories in Bayelsa State The study advised, among other recommendations, that companies should implement a dynamic resource allocation strategy capable of swiftly reallocating resources, including capital and personnel, to capitalise on emerging opportunities and tackle challenges that could negatively impact the performance of the factories.

EFFECT OF ROLE-PLAY AND VESTIBULE TRAINING ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IN SELECTED HOTELS IN KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA

Keturah Yakubu — 2025-02-20

In this age of technological advancement, change is a recurring and persistent factor. As a result, organizations must ensure that training is consistent to tackle the challenges that arise from political, financial, societal, and pioneering changes in the environment. This study, therefore, examined the effect of role-play and vestibule training on employee performance in hotels in the Kaduna metropolis. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire, which was issued to a sample of 291 employees of the hotels. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics, correlation and multiple regression techniques, which include ANOVA, model summary and co-efficient. Findings from the study show that training methods such as role play and vestibule training have significant and positive effects on employee performance. Specifically, the study revealed that role-play has a significant and positive effect (p<0.000, β = 46.6%) on the performance of employees amongst hotels in Kaduna. The study also found that vestibule training has a significant and positive effect (p<0.016, β = 14.3%) on the performance of employees in hotels in Kaduna. The study revealed that role-play training has a stronger effect on the performance of employees as compared with vestibule training. The study recommends, amongst others, that Management should stimulate training that workers require to improve their performance and capabilities, which consequently increases organizational performance as well.

SOCIAL STUDIES INSTRUCTIONAL IMPACTS ON UNDERGRADUATES’ DEMOCRATIC VALUES IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN KWARA STATE

Issa Nasiru Olokooba — 2025-02-20

This study examined the impact of Social Studies instructions on undergraduates’ democratic values in tertiary institutions in Kwara State, Nigeria. The objectives of this study were to examine the manifestation of democratic values, the adequacy of Social Studies undergraduate benchmark in promoting democratic values, the extent to which Social Studies undergraduate participate in democratic processes and the impacts of Social Studies instruction on the development of democratic values in undergraduates in Kwara State. The population of the study was Social Studies undergraduates in Kwara State. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. 350 Social Studies undergraduates were sampled through the purposive sampling technique. The researcher’s designed questionnaire titled “Impact of Social Studies Instruction on Undergraduate Democratic Values Questionnaire was used as an instrument to elicit data from the respondents. Content validity was used to determine the validity of the instrument with a reliability coefficient of 0.87 using Pearson Product Moment Correlation. The findings of the study showed that the majority of Social Studies undergraduates in tertiary institutions actively participated in democratic processes. The findings suggested the need for continued emphasis on critical thinking skills in the Social Studies curriculum and the incorporation of community-based projects that promote democratic values and address local societal issues. The study also highlighted the impact of Social Studies instructions on undergraduate democratic values in Kwara State is positive. The study therefore, recommended, among others, that educational institutions should provide students with more opportunities for active participation in student unionism and associations, encouraging them to take leadership roles and engage in campus governance.

SOCIAL MEDIA AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Bernice Oluwalanu Sanusi — 2025-02-20

This study analysed 500 tweets discussing Sustainable Development Goal 2 (Zero Hunger) in Nigeria, collected from April 1 to June 30, 2024. Using content analysis, the research identifies key themes, including grassroots initiatives, misinformation, youth engagement, climate change, food security, government policies, advocacy, and public awareness. Sentiment analysis reveals that 35% of tweets were optimistic, highlighting success stories and advocacy, while 45% were critical, focusing on government inefficiencies and food insecurity concerns. The findings underscore the impact of digital lobbying on public perception and policy decisions, as well as the role of misinformation in shaping discourse. Achieving Zero Hunger in Nigeria requires a multifaceted approach that integrates grassroots action, government accountability, and informed online engagement.

CHRONIC SPORTS BETTING AND SOCIAL WELL-BEING IN YOUNG ADULTS

Somto Juliet Oyekwe — 2025-02-20

Online cross-sectional data were collected from a total of 300 undergraduate students sampled from a federal university in the Southeastern region of Nigeria to investigate the moderating roles of emotional intelligence and self-regulation in the relationship between chronic sports betting and social well-being. Contrary to our speculation, the results of the moderated regression analysis indicated that chronic sports betting was significantly and positively related to social well-being. Emotional intelligence and self-regulation significantly and positively impacted on social well-being. The results of the study also showed that emotional intelligence and selfregulation moderated the impact of chronic sports betting on social well-being. These findings suggest that context is important when the impact of chronic sports betting is discussed. Besides, emotional intelligence and self-regulation are effective intervention techniques that can improve social well-being despite chronic sports betting.

THE IMPACT OF ONLINE MARKETING ON SMEs' PERFORMANCE IN KWARA STATE, NORTH-CENTRAL, NIGERIA

Salamat Atinuke Ajede — 2025-02-20

In recent times, unlike in the past, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) have come to recognize the significance of Internet marketing and the competitive edge it affords them. This is probably why so many SMEs are making use of internet marketing to make more calculated choices that will result in sustained financial prosperity. Unfortunately, despite their importance, SMEs still find it almost impossible to compete favourably with bigger firms and speed up their performance in a rapidly changing business environment. The study, therefore, examined the main influence of online marketing on the business performance of SMEs. Specifically, the study determined the impact of social media marketing on the business performance of SMEs in Kwara State. The study was a survey consisting of 343 participants drawn from a population of 3,124 SME owners who were selected through simple random, purposive and convenient sampling techniques. The participants were purposively selected based on their registration with the Kwara State Board of Internal Revenue, with a sample size of 343. Multiple linear regression was used to analyse the hypothesis. The study results reflected in the model summary with an R square value of 0.666, implying that social media marketing significantly influences the business performance of SMEs in Kwara State. The model indicated a strong relationship between the dependent variable (business performance) and the independent variable (social media marketing). It is therefore recommended that more SMEs in Kwara State embrace online marketing to increase awareness of their products/ activities, improve their business visibility and expand their customer base through the utilization of Facebook, email, WhatsApp, Google, and Ad Words. In addition to the above, organisations and employees should be trained on digital marketing tools in order to be able to reach out to more prospective customers, meet up the pace of other bigger business owners and achieve greater financial stability.

ENTREPRENEURIAL EDUCATION AND SELFEMPLOYMENT ASPIRATIONS

Abdulrasaq Olatunji Balogun — 2025-02-20

Despite the integration of entrepreneurial programmes into university curricula, graduate unemployment rates continue to rise. This study examines the influence of entrepreneurship education on undergraduates' aspirations for self-employment within the Faculty of Education at the University of Ilorin. Using a mixed-methods approach, the research investigates how exposure to entrepreneurship education affects students' self-employment aspirations. The study focused on 400-level undergraduates during the 2022/2023 academic session, comprising approximately 2,733 students. A purposive sampling technique was used to select 453 final-year undergraduates, ensuring a 95% confidence level with a 0.05 margin of error. The study utilised a correlational survey design to examine relationships between variables, and stratified random sampling categorised the Faculty of Education into nine departments. A researcher-designed questionnaire and semi-structured interview were used to collect data. A retest test-retest method was used to obtain a reliability index of 0.78 for the questionnaire. Descriptive statistics was used to present the demographic characteristics of the respondents, while multiple regression was used to test the hypotheses at a 0.05 level of significance. The findings show a significant positive relationship between entrepreneurship education and self-employment aspirations, mediated by entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Qualitative insights reveal that factors such as entrepreneurial mindset, perceived feasibility, and social influences play crucial roles. The study underscores the importance of integrating experiential learning into the curriculum and designing programmes that enhance entrepreneurial self-efficacy to support students' entrepreneurial aspirations effectively. It was recommended, among others, that universities should expand their entrepreneurial programmes to include more practical, hands-on courses. These courses should give students real-world experiences and simulate actual business challenges. Also, education programmes should aim to boost students' confidence in their entrepreneurial skills. This can be achieved through mentorship initiatives, interactive workshops, and networking events that connect students with experienced entrepreneurs. And institutions should offer financial support options like grants or low-interest loans to help students overcome financial barriers. Additionally,
providing access to resources such as incubators and co-working spaces can greatly assist student entrepreneurs.

MODERATING ROLE OF FAMILY CAPITAL ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ENTREPRENEURIAL EXPOSURE AND FAMILY BUSINESS SUSTAINABILITY IN SOUTHEAST NIGERIA

Ama Aka Udu — 2025-02-20

The study was on the moderating role of family capital on the effects of entrepreneurial exposure on family business sustainability in Southeast Nigeria. The study's specific objectives were to determine how parental role modelling, financial capital, and social
capital influenced entrepreneurial exposure and the sustainability relationship of family businesses in Southeast Nigeria. The study was anchored on social learning theory and sustainable family business theory. The sample size for the study was 520 small-scale businesses in Southeast Nigeria. Structured questionnaires were used to gather data from the respondents and were analysed through Haye’s Moderation Approach. The results showed that there was a significant positive relationship between parental role modelling and family business sustainability (r = 0.311, P < 0.000). It was discovered that financial capital impacts positively on family business sustainability (β = 0.6189, P = 0.0001) and social capital impacts positively on family business sustainability as well (β = 0.2762, P = 0.0238). It was found that financial capital and social capital do not moderate the effect of parental role modelling on family business sustainability (β = 0.0201, P = 0.0777; β = 0.2762, P = 0.0238) respectively. It was therefore recommended that to sustain a family business, there is a need to encourage entrepreneurial exposure among prospective successors and that the family capital should be improved.

FACTORS INFLUENCING PARENTS’ INABILITY TO MEET CHILDREN’S BASIC NEEDS IN KWARA CENTRAL NIGERIA

Shofiu Adewuyi Rasheed — 2025-02-20

This study aimed to identify the factors influencing parents' ability to meet the physiological needs of their children in Kwara Central, Nigeria. The target population included parents from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds, including those with varying levels of education, income, and housing quality. Kwara Central was divided into four local government areas, and 100 respondents were randomly selected from each area, ensuring representation of different social strata. A descriptive survey research design was used for the study. The use of a descriptive survey design allowed for the collection of comprehensive data from a diverse group of parents, ensuring that the findings were both reliable and representative. The statistical analysis, including mean scores and t-tests, provided a clear understanding of the relationships between socioeconomic factors and parents' ability to meet their children's needs, confirming the validity of the conclusions drawn from the study. The researcher designed a 20-item structured questionnaire to collect data on socioeconomic factors affecting parents’ ability to meet their children's physiological needs. The questionnaire gathered information on parental education, income, and housing quality. Data were analysed using mean scores and t-tests at a 0.05 level of significance to determine the influence of these factors. The findings showed that while parents' educational background did not significantly impact their ability to meet their children's physiological needs, income and housing quality were influential. Specifically, higher income levels and better housing conditions enabled parents to better provide for their children's basic needs. Based on these results, the study recommended that parents seek to improve their income sources to support their families better. It also suggested that the government should increase wages to help workers build wealth and create policies to support low-income earners in obtaining adequate housing.

BUSINESS PROCESS RE-ENGINEERING AND THE SURVIVAL OF BLOCK MOULDING FIRMS IN BAYELSA STATE, NIGERIA

Olalekan Adebowale Asaolu — 2025-02-20

This study looked into business process re-engineering and organisational survival of block moulding firms in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. This study analyses the effects of work change and technological change on the survival of block moulding firms in Bayelsa State. A descriptive research design was employed. The respondents consist of 164 staff, and a sample of 116 was selected through the Taro Yamani formula. A structured questionnaire was utilised using the Likert scale with five points. A test-retest approach was used to establish the reliability of the tool. The data were analysed using Pearson regression. The result (r =0.70) demonstrates the substantial correlation between work change and organisational survival. Also, the result (r = 0.72) demonstrated the fact that there is a significant relationship between technological change and organizational survival. The study, therefore, recommends that modern IT infrastructure is necessary for excellence and efficiency.

EFFECTS OF RISING COST OF PRODUCTION ON SALES OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES IN NIGERIA

Ugochukwu Lawrence Okorozoh — 2025-02-20

This research investigated the relationship between rising production costs and sales of alcoholic beverages in selected South East Nigerian brewery firms. Employing a simple linear correlation design, the study targeted management and staff from these firms, comprising a population of 750 individuals. Using Slovin's formula, a sample size of 261 was calculated; however, the sample consisted of 236 respondents, yielding a remarkable 90.4% response rate. These results indicated high reliability, confirming the instrument's suitability for the study. The dataset underwent initial normality testing using the Anderson-Darling Statistic, confirming that the residual term met the normality assumption for bivariate datasets. Additionally, multicollinearity checks revealed no issues for multiple datasets. These favourable results justified the application of parametric regression analysis. To address the research questions, Pearson correlation coefficients were computed to examine the relationships between dependent and independent variables. Subsequently, regression analysis was employed to test the hypotheses, assessing the significance and strength of these relationships. IBM SPSS version 28.0 and Minitab software version 20.0 packages were employed for ease of analysis. The results showed significant positive relationships between rising production costs and sales volume, purchasing frequency, and consumer loyalty. The study recommended, among others that cost-efficient strategy, pricing decisions, and loyalty programs to maintain competitiveness. The findings contributed to the understanding of production cost management in the South-East Nigerian alcoholic beverage industry.

IGBO APPRENTICESHIP MODEL AND MENTORSHIP IN THE NIGERIAN UNIVERSITY SYSTEM

Charles Obioma Omeire — 2025-02-20

There is a growing concern among Igbo people that the apprenticeship system, which produced a lot of their prominent sons, is on the decline. Similarly, in the Nigerian university system, there appears to be appreciable decline in mentoring. The study examined the Igbo apprenticeship model, its structure, and modus operandi, and compared it to mentorship in Nigerian universities. Kram’s mentoring theory provided the theoretical foundation for the study, which is essentially qualitative. The data utilized were obtained from secondary sources, largely text books and journals. The study maintained that mentorship is critical for capacity building and beneficial to mentees, mentors, the university and society. It reiterated the vitality, value and relevance of the Igbo apprenticeship model in addressing contemporary problems of insecurity and unemployment in Nigeria. Consequently, the study recommended, among other things, that the Igbo apprenticeship model be revamped and that the other socio-cultural groups in Nigeria be encouraged to domesticate or adapt same in their zones. It further recommended that the mentorship process in Nigerian universities be structured and integrated as part of the promotion requirements for junior academic and administrative staff.

THE IMPACT OF VIOLENT CONFLICTS ON SELECTED SDGs IN NASARAWA STATE’S SOUTHERN SENATORIAL ZONE

Abubakar Okuwa Abdullahi — 2025-02-21

The endemic nature of the violent conflict, which has led to the widespread destruction of lives and property in the Southern Senatorial Zone of Nasarawa State, has led many to wonder if the realization of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is possible in Nasarawa State by 2030. Thus, the study seeks to examine the effects of violent conflicts and their implications for the realization of SDGs in the Southern Senatorial Zone of Nasarawa State. The specific objectives of the study are to (i) analyse the nature of violent conflicts in the Southern Senatorial Zone of Nasarawa State, and (ii) examine the impact of violent conflicts on Sustainable Development Goals in the Southern Senatorial Zone of Nasarawa State. The study made use of the survey method due to the study population of 245,025 households in the Southern Senatorial Zone of Nasarawa State. A multi-stage sampling – Purposive, Stratified, and Random sampling techniques were used to select a sample for the study. Cross-sectional data were collected from October to November 2024 using a structured questionnaire and analysed at a 5% level of significance. Descriptive statistics (tables, frequencies, and cumulative frequencies) and multinomial logit were used to analyse the results. The findings of the study were that the nature of violent conflicts in the Southern Senatorial Zone of Nasarawa State is mostly unilateral attacks (91.88%), which affected most youths (44.16) and that violent conflict manifestation in terms of health care challenges, school access challenges, death, injury, displacement, drug addiction among youths, disruption of economic opportunity, unemployment, water challenge and destruction of dwelling, adversely affected the first four SDGs – No Poverty, Zero Hunger, Good Health and Wellbeing, Quality Education. The findings revealed that the No Poverty goal is the worst hit, with profound implications for the realisation of all the SDGs. The study concluded that the adverse effects of violent conflicts are generally ruinous in the Southern Senatorial Zone of Nasarawa State. The study recommended that the Nasarawa State government should be proactive in ameliorating the adverse effects of violent conflicts on No Poverty, Zero Hunger, Good Health and Well-being, and Quality Education goals to enhance the chances of realising sustainable development goals – SDGs in Nasarawa, Nigeria by 2030.

African Journal of Social and Behavioural Sciences

TABLE OF CONTENTS

A QUANTITATIVE STUDY OF PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS AS PREDICTORS OF COUNTERPRODUCTIVE WORK BEHAVIOURS AMONG PRIVATE SCHOOL TEACHERS IN ILORIN METROPOLIS

EFFECTIVENESS OF PUBLIC ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES IN REDUCING CARBON EMISSION IN NIGERIA

REVITALIZING KNOWLEDGE RESOURCE CENTRES IN NIGERIAN UNIVERSITIES FOR ENHANCED DIGITAL LIBRARY SERVICES

ADOPTION OF TRADITIONAL AND DIGITAL MARKETING COMMUNICATION MEDIA IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY

ADOPTION OF TRADITIONAL AND DIGITAL MARKETING COMMUNICATION MEDIA IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY

ROOT CAUSES OF CYBERCRIME AMONG UNDERGRADUATES IN BENIN CITY

SOCIAL MEDIA CELEBRITY ENDORSEMENT AND CONSUMERISM: ASSESSMENT OF STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION OF GENEVIEVE NNAJI’S ENDORSEMENT OF LUNA MILK

POST-EVALUATIVE ANALYSIS OF COVID - 19’s IMPACT ON BUSINESS ENTERPRISES IN UYO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, AKWA IBOM STATE, NIGERIA

MEDIA EXPOSURE AS A MEDIATOR OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CULTURAL IDENTITY AND BODY IMAGE SATISFACTION AMONG ADOLESCENTS

ADOPTION OF TRADITIONAL AND DIGITAL MARKETING COMMUNICATION MEDIA IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY

ROLES OF INDIVIDUAL AND ORGANISATIONAL FACTORS IN UNETHICAL PRO-ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR

TECHNOLOGICAL PROFICIENCY AND VIRTUAL COLLABORATION AS PREDICTORS OF GLOBAL ADAPTABILITY AMONG SOCIAL STUDIES PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS IN OYO STATE, NIGERIA

EFFECTIVENESS OF AMNESTY PROGRAMME TO CRIME REDUCTION IN BENUE STATE, NORTH-CENTRAL, NIGERIA

PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT VIOLATION AND EFFORT WITHHOLDING

CONTEMPORARY ISSUES AS GLOBAL CONCERN AND THE TEACHING OF SOCIAL STUDIES EDUCATION IN NIGERIA

ACADEMIC STRESS AND SUICIDAL IDEATION AMONG UNDERGRADUATES IN OYO STATE, NIGERIA

ROLE OF STRESS MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES IN ENHANCING HEALTHCARE WORKERS PERFORMANCE

FROM CONFLICT TO CONSENSUS

DIGITAL CONNECTIVITY AND ACCESS TO ONLINE RESOURCES AS PREDICTORS OF GLOBAL COMPETENCE AMONG PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS IN A GLOBALISED WORLD IN OYO STATE

INDIGENOUS APPRENTICESHIP AND GLOCALIZATION

THE IMPACT OF DYNAMIC CAPABILITIES ON THE PERFORMANCE OF BOTTLED WATER FACTORIES IN BAYELSA STATE, NIGERIA

EFFECT OF ROLE-PLAY AND VESTIBULE TRAINING ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IN SELECTED HOTELS IN KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA

SOCIAL STUDIES INSTRUCTIONAL IMPACTS ON UNDERGRADUATES’ DEMOCRATIC VALUES IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN KWARA STATE

SOCIAL MEDIA AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

CHRONIC SPORTS BETTING AND SOCIAL WELL-BEING IN YOUNG ADULTS

THE IMPACT OF ONLINE MARKETING ON SMEs' PERFORMANCE IN KWARA STATE, NORTH-CENTRAL, NIGERIA

ENTREPRENEURIAL EDUCATION AND SELFEMPLOYMENT ASPIRATIONS

MODERATING ROLE OF FAMILY CAPITAL ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ENTREPRENEURIAL EXPOSURE AND FAMILY BUSINESS SUSTAINABILITY IN SOUTHEAST NIGERIA

FACTORS INFLUENCING PARENTS’ INABILITY TO MEET CHILDREN’S BASIC NEEDS IN KWARA CENTRAL NIGERIA

BUSINESS PROCESS RE-ENGINEERING AND THE SURVIVAL OF BLOCK MOULDING FIRMS IN BAYELSA STATE, NIGERIA

EFFECTS OF RISING COST OF PRODUCTION ON SALES OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES IN NIGERIA

IGBO APPRENTICESHIP MODEL AND MENTORSHIP IN THE NIGERIAN UNIVERSITY SYSTEM

THE IMPACT OF VIOLENT CONFLICTS ON SELECTED SDGs IN NASARAWA STATE’S SOUTHERN SENATORIAL ZONE