African Journal of Social and Behavioural Sciences

2024-12-14T16:36:15+00:00

AFRICAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL AND BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCES (AJSBS)

A STUDY OF FACTORS INFLUENCING KIDNAPPING IN ZURMI LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF ZAMFARA STATE, NIGERIA

2024-12-09T16:00:32+00:00

This article examines the factors that influence kidnapping in Zurmi local
government area of Zamfara state, covering the periods between 2019–2023. Since the return
to civilian rule in 1999, Nigeria has witnessed a catalogue of increased crimes and insecurity.
Kidnapping and ransom collection are such, which have bedevilled especially in the Zurmi area
of Zamfara state. Kidnapping has great adverse effects on the nation’s socio-economic
development. The act is closely linked to armed banditry, cattle rustling and armed robbery.
The wealthy and low-income earners have been picked up by kidnappers who only free their
victims after payments of ransom. This menace exerts enormous and far-reaching economic
and social costs. It induces and creates a palpable ambience of fear and despair for all citizens,
stultifies economic growth, and hinders sustainable development. This study adopted a mixed
method utilising both in-depth interviews and structured questionnaires to identify the factors
that influence kidnapping in Zurmi, Zamfara state. In terms of findings, the data revealed that
the factors that influence kidnapping in the study area include poverty, unemployment,
illiteracy, revenge, governmental negligence of herdsmen’s grazing areas, antisocial
tendencies, injustice and envy. Other factors include lacking religious faith, breach of trust
among people, injustice of leaders, competition among people, desire for luxury, corruption,
poor socialization, high level of immorality, poor parental control, drug abuse, lack of
awareness, inequality in resource allocation, poor security system, disrespect of tradition
leaders, parental negligence, and rampant divorce. The research adopted the Rational Choice
Theory (RCT) as its theoretical frame of reference to explain the menace of kidnapping and its
consequences on the community. RCT posits that in any course of action, individuals weigh up
the likely benefits and disadvantages of each action. Before kidnappers go into the act, they
must have weighed the options and concluded more rewards than punishment. In order to
address the causes of kidnapping in the study area, the study offered recommendations. These
include the need for the governments to create job opportunities for the teeming youth as well
as an enabling environment so that private sectors can thrive. Also, there should be proper
protection of the identities of the public members that supply useful information to security
agencies.

IMPACT OF ASSET MANAGEMENT RATIO ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM NIGERIAN MANUFACTURING COMPANIES

2024-12-09T16:08:50+00:00

The study examined the impact of Asset management ratio on the financial
performance of manufacturing companies in Nigeria. Specifically, the study examines the
effect of the asset Utilization Ratio, Asset Productivity Ratio and Current Asset Turnover Ratio
on the Return on Assets. The study adopted the Ex-post factor research design. The main
sources of data for this study were secondary sources obtained from the online publication of
the annual report of eighteen Nigerian manufacturing companies quoted on the Nigerian Stock
Exchange in the year 2022. A sample size of eighteen (18) manufacturing companies whose
financial statements were accessible online for the year 2022 was purposely taken. The
approaches used to measure asset management are asset utilization ratio, asset productivity
ratio, and current asset turnover ratio, while financial performance is measured by profitability
using return on assets (ROA). A linear relationship was established between the Return on
Asset (ROA), the dependent variable, and the independent variables, Asset Utilization Ratio
(ASUR), Current Asset Ratio (CASR) and Asset Productivity Ratio (ASPR). The Ordinary
Least Square Regression Model was used to express the model relationship between ROA and
the explanatory variables, ASUR, CASR and ASPR. Descriptive statistics were also employed
to analyse the descriptive properties of the variables. The regression t-statistics results were
used to test the hypotheses at a 5% level of significance. Findings showed that the Asset
Utilization Ratio has a significant effect on Return on Asset, while the Asset Productivity Ratio
and Current Asset Turnover Ratio have an insignificant effect on Return on Assets. The study
recommends that manufacturing companies should improve their asset management practices
in the areas of Asset Productivity Ratio and Current Assets to enhance their financial
performance.

INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION, BARRIERS IN DISCLOSURE AND FACILITATORS OF SEXUAL ABUSE EXPERIENCE AMONG FEMALE STUDENTS IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN DELTA STATE

2024-12-09T16:16:25+00:00

This study investigates interpersonal communication barriers and facilitators
related to the disclosure of sexual abuse experiences among female students in tertiary
institutions in Delta State. Through a structured questionnaire, the research examines the
prevalence of abuse, barriers to disclosure, and the effectiveness of support systems. The study
employed a quantitative approach to elicit data through surveys with selected students from
Delta State University, Abraka and College of Education, Warri. Findings revealed a high
prevalence of sexual abuse, with significant barriers to disclosure identified, including a lack
of trust in institutional authorities and fear. The study revealed that many cases of abuse go
unreported, perpetrators often being fellow students, and alcohol and substance abuse a
contributing barrier to the disclosure of sexual abuse experiences by impairing memory and
emotional clarity, making it hard for victims to articulate and tell their experiences. Cultural
beliefs and socioeconomic status were less influential than anticipated, while ineffective
institutional policies and religious beliefs emerged as significant factors discouraging
disclosure. The effectiveness of current support systems was rated poorly, with respondents
indicating that support services and counselling are inadequate. Recommendations include
enhancing institutional policies to provide clear reporting mechanisms and support services,
improving the accessibility and effectiveness of support systems, and implementing campaign
programs to address stigma and build trust between students and authorities. This study
highlights the urgent need for comprehensive reforms in institutional responses to sexual abuse
and calls for a supportive environment to facilitate open communication and reporting among
students.

ECOLOGICAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF SOLID BIOMASS-DRIVEN DEFORESTATION AND FOREST DEGRADATION IN MALUMFASHI, LGA, KATSINA STATE

2024-12-09T16:25:15+00:00

This study assessed the perceived ecological and socio-economic impact of
deforestation and forest degradation arising from the consumption of solid biomass in
Malumfashi Local Government Area of Katsina State, Nigeria. Taro Yamani's (1967) formula
for sample size determination was used in determining the sample size and a total of 400
questionnaires were administered to the respondents across the LGA using systematic sampling
method. The questionnaires were administered to the target respondents who are the head of
households. Data obtained were analysed using descriptive statistics and presented in tables.
The study revealed that loss of biodiversity, ecological stability and reduction in density of
trees was the major perceived impact and accounted for 44.5%, this is followed by desert
encroachment and increased frequency of dust storms (24.0%), soil degradation resulting in
loss of soil fertility and soil erosion accounts for 21.5%. The results further discovered that
77.5% of the respondents agreed that deforestation and forest degradation arising from solid
biomass consumption have led to a change in the density of trees. The result further showed
that 45.5% of the respondents were of the opinion that loss of vegetation and reduction in
density of trees have resulted in the scarcity of cooking fuels and timber resources was the
major socio-economic impact of deforestation and forest degradation. Reduction in fodder
resources, edible fruits, leaves and medicinal herbs in turn resulting in severe food shortages
and insecurity account for 25.0% of the responses. This study concluded that deforestation and
forest degradation arising from the consumption of solid biomass play a significant role in the
degradation of the environment and was identified as one of the human environmental
interventions affecting the ecological and socio-economic stability of the local communities.
The study recommends that the government and other stakeholders should be committed to
more urgent action to control the menace of deforestation and forest degradation by providing
cheap, affordable and efficient alternative energy sources to solid biomass. It is also
recommended that robust and result-oriented proactive strategies, policies and programs
aimed at improving afforestation, reforestation, agro forestry, the establishment of more
woodlots and protection of existing forest reserves to reduce the rate of deforestation and forest
degradation should be put in place and appropriate sanctions must enforce on defaulters and
incentives for promoters of tree planting be encouraged and provided.

IMPACT OF HOME ENVIRONMENT ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS IN OWERRI ZONE, IMO STATE, NIGERIA

2024-12-09T16:36:48+00:00

This study explored how the home environment affects the academic
performance of secondary school students in the Owerri Zone of Imo State, Nigeria. It focused
on the impact of parental occupation, family size, and family structure on students' educational
achievements. This study was delimited to government-owned secondary schools in Owerri
Municipal of Imo state, Nigeria. The method adopted for the study was survey research
design. The study's population comprised 1,030 respondents, including 64 principals and
966 teachers from 32 public secondary schools in the Owerri Zone of Imo State. A random
sample of 206 respondents, representing 20% of the total population, included 32
principals and 174 teachers. Data collection was conducted using a researcher-designed
questionnaire. The instrument's face and content validity were established through the
review of two experts in measurement and evaluation and educational management and
policy from the Faculty of Education at Imo State University, Owerri. Revisions were
made based on their feedback prior to final approval. The instrument demonstrated a
reliability coefficient of 0.89, determined using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient
(Spearman's ρ). Findings revealed that home environment, including parental education,
occupation, family size, economic status, and motivation, significantly affects students'
academic performance, with supportive and resourceful home settings encouraging better
educational outcomes among secondary school students in Owerri Zone. The study
recommends that parents should spend time with their children and check their children’s
academic work, direct them where necessary, and discuss the academic problems of their
children with their teachers or school guidance counsellors so as to detect the student's
problems early enough and tackle it before it affects the students.

RESPONSE OF SELECTED MACROECONOMIC VARIABLES TO OIL PRICE SHOCKS IN NIGERIA

2024-12-09T16:41:13+00:00

The question of how the exchange rate, oil revenue, inflation rate and other
macroeconomic variables respond to oil price shocks in Nigeria has generated tremendous
interest among economic scholars for decades. This study examines the responses of the
exchange rate, inflation rate, oil revenue and government expenditures as macroeconomic
variables to oil price shocks in Nigeria using time series techniques of the Vector
Autoregressive (VAR) model, cointegration test, Impulse Response Function (IRFs) and
Variance Decompositions (VDCs). The result of the cointegration test suggests the presence of
cointegration among variables. The estimated VAR model affirms the response of shocks in
the macroeconomic variables. The results have shown that the oil price shocks have a
significant response to macroeconomic variables in Nigeria. The response of the inflation rate
to global oil price shocks is positive, indicating that an increase in oil price leads to an increase
in the inflation rate in Nigeria; in contrast, the response of the exchange rate to oil price shocks
is negative, indicating that an increase in global oil price leads to depreciation of exchange rate
and fall in oil revenue thereby affecting government expenditure negatively in Nigeria. Hence,
the study recommends that appropriate measures be taken, such as capacity utilization of the
oil sector, and the Nigerian government should emphasize stable macroeconomic policies as
well as diversification of the economy

INFLUENCE OF ENTREPRENEURIAL JOURNALISM ON FREELANCE JOURNALISTS IN THE SHRINKING MEDIA INDUSTRY IN SOUTH-WEST, NIGERIA

2024-12-09T17:00:53+00:00

Entrepreneurial journalism is gaining popularity in Nigeria's entrepreneurial and
media discourses. The worsening unemployment issues in Nigeria have made freelance
journalists devise creative means to survive the onslaught of job crises. Thus, this study is
designed to investigate the influence of entrepreneurial journalism on freelance journalists in
South-Western Nigeria. The study adopted a mixed method. The survey method and paired
depth interview were used to investigate the influence of entrepreneurial journalism on
freelance journalistic practice, techniques of entrepreneurial journalism, and barriers to
entrepreneurial journalism among freelance journalists. Findings showed that economic factors
have compelled most freelance journalists to embrace entrepreneurial journalistic practices.
Findings also showed that blogging, YouTube videos, and other audio and video content on
social media are the techniques of entrepreneurial journalism in South-Western Nigeria.
Findings showed that lack of objectivity and fairness in news reportage, as well as monetary
consideration over balanced news reportage, has been a barrier to entrepreneurial journalistic
practices in South-Western Nigeria. Therefore, it is recommended that entrepreneurial
journalists not only consider the ethics of journalism in their daily journalistic activities but
also be mindful of the unwholesome influence of excessive attention to economic
considerations in their journalistic practices. Entrepreneurial values of all digital and social
media-based platforms must be taught to students of mass communication and journalism to
make them self-employed and self-reliant when they eventually graduate from school. A
regulatory agency, like the National Broadcast Commission, that regulates the affairs and
activities of all broadcasting stations in Nigeria, must be established to regulate the activities
of entrepreneurial journalists who have their independent radio or television on the internet so
that the issues of lack of objectivity, fairness and unbalanced news reportage could be
addressed.

CORRUPTION AND ITS INFLUENCE ON ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY IN NIGERIA

2024-12-09T17:29:58+00:00

This study investigates the impact of corruption on good governance in Nigeria
using secondary sources of data through the analysis of key indicators derived from the
fundamental components of good governance. By utilising secondary data sources, this study
focuses on government legitimacy, public officials' accountability, and the government's
capacity to formulate policies and provide services while upholding human rights and the rule
of law. Despite the substantial resources allocated to policies promoting good governance, the
study reveals that pervasive corruption remains a significant impediment, contributing to poor
economic performance, deteriorating infrastructure, escalating living costs, and increased
poverty in Nigeria. Addressing corruption is imperative for the nation's survival, presenting
Nigerians with a clear choice: a sincere war against corruption or perpetuation of the status
quo, risking consumption by this multifaceted challenge. The study concludes with
recommendations to alleviate these issues.

BROADCAST MEDIA COVERAGE OF 2022 FLOOD IN OGUTA AND OHAJI/EGBEMA LGAs, IMO STATE

2024-12-09T17:43:19+00:00

The thrust of this study was to evaluate broadcast media stations’ reportage of
flooding in Nigeria, using Oguta and Ohaji/Egbema LGAs of Imo State as reference points.
The study anchored on the Framing theory adopted the content analysis method to evaluate
flood disaster stories in NTA, Owerri and IBC, Owerri. 244 programme guides of the two
stations from July 2022 to October 2022 were chosen. A sample size of 56 was determined
using the composite or construct week method. Findings showed that the main format usually
adopted by the broadcast media for reportage of flood disasters was the Straight news; the tone
of flood disaster stories evokes fear and panic; the quality of flood stories covered were
unbalanced; the broadcast stations do not adequately cover the causes, impact, and strategies
to curb flood disasters in their reportage. Recommendations were that NTA, Owerri and IBC,
Owerri, as well as other broadcast media in Nigeria, should minimise the use of straight news
and adopt more feature presentations/documentaries, opinions/interviews; their news and
reports of flood disasters should be framed and presented in such a way that it would instil
hope, trust and preparedness, not evoke fear, panic, and anxiety, to the people; they should
avoid “afghanistanism” and balance their news reportage; and there should be a synergy
between the broadcast media, Federal and State emergency and rescue agencies to warn and
educate the public about flood disasters.

A PURVIEW OF THE CAUSES OF YOUTH INVOLVEMENT IN ARMED BANDITRY IN KADUNA STATE, NORTH WESTERN NIGERIA (2012-2022)

2024-12-09T17:54:22+00:00

The work is a sociological inquisition of the causes of youth involvement in
armed banditry in Kaduna State (2012-2022). The following research objectives guided the
study: investigate the socio-economic factors responsible for youth involvement in armed
banditry in Kaduna State; determine the institutional lapses in governance responsible for youth
involvement in armed banditry; and analyse the government’s poor policy formulation and
implementation responsible for youth involvement in armed banditry in the study area. The
study was anchored on the Routine Activities Theory by Cohen and Felson. Using a multi-
stage sampling of cluster, stratified and simple random sampling, 1000 residents of the affected
communities were administered questionnaires. In addition, Key Informant Interviews (KIIs)
and In-depth Interviews were purposively conducted with members of the Nigeria Police Force
(NPF), vigilantes, traditional leaders, youth leaders and arrested bandits. The quantitative data
from the use of questionnaires were analysed with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences
(SPSS) version 23.0 with descriptive statistics and Principal Factor Analysis (PFA). The study
revealed that all the 10 variables given as socio-economic factors were responsible for youth
involvement in armed banditry in the State. This was because the Bartlett’s test of sphericity
χ2(75) = 4904.270 for the socio-economic factors was statistically significant at P < 0.01.
Additionally, the study revealed that though 10 socio-economic variables were responsible for
youth involvement in armed banditry in the State, the abuse of hard drugs had the highest factor
loading value with 0.92. In contrast, peer influence had the second highest factor loading value
with 0.91. The study further revealed that although 7 variables were given as the institutional
lapses in governance that resulted in youth involvement in armed banditry in the State, all the
seven variables identified were retained. Also, the Bartlett’s test of sphericity χ2 (21) =
4904.270 for the factors was statistically significant at P< 0.01. At the same time, the
diminishing role of traditional institutions in the governance of Kaduna State had the highest
factor loading value of 0.79. More so, inadequate policing and weak security arrangements of
the State came second with 0.78 factor loading. The study recommended that the Federal and
State governments in the State must ensure that they minimized the abuse of hard drugs, youth
unemployment, and poverty and reduce the ungoverned spaces in the State.

SECONDARY SCHOOL GIRLS' AWARENESS OF AND PROFICIENCY WITH MENSTRUATION MANAGEMENT IN MAKARFI LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA

2024-12-09T18:11:32+00:00

There is a significant knowledge gap regarding women's cycles and menstrual
hygiene in many social contexts because menstruation is not always directly observed in
homes, schools, and communities. This disparity also brings up questions about menstrual
cleanliness and treatment. In addition to the lack of knowledge, girls require access to water,
sanitary toilets, personal hygiene products that have been disinfected and kept, and referral
centres where their long-term health may be guaranteed. This study looked into how female
students in government secondary schools in Makarfi Local Government Area were treated and
informed about their monthly menstrual cycles. In the study, the survey design was used.
Participants were drawn from four randomly chosen public junior high schools in the study
area using a multi-stage random testing technique. Following a thorough investigation, the
responses were expressed as percentages. It is suggested that community health professionals
be given the authority to visit schools in order to offer counselling services and teach seminars
at the community and school levels in light of the study's findings. The study concludes that it
is crucial to continue teaching girls about menstrual cycles, menstrual cleanliness, and how to
take care of school-age girls. Governments and non-governmental organisations should
simultaneously supply all girls with sanitary napkins and other menstrual hygiene stations and
services.

NAIRA ABUSE BY NIGERIAN CELEBRITIES: PERSPECTIVES OF AE FUNAI STUDENTS ON BOBRISKY AND CUBANA CHIEF PRIEST CASES

2024-12-09T18:30:49+00:00

This study examines the misuse of the Nigerian Naira on social media by
celebrities, focusing on Bobrisky and Cubana Chief Priest. Utilising a descriptive survey
design, 374 AE-FUNAI students were surveyed using the Taro Yamane method. Celebrity
Endorsement theory was adopted to explain the behavioural pattern, while three research
questions and objectives guided the study. Data was analysed using percentages and a 4-point
Likert scale mean value method. Findings revealed that respondents are aware of naira abuse
on social media. Naira abuse has significant negative socio-cultural and economic impacts if
left unchecked. Respondents acknowledged whistle-blowing on violators of naira abuse on
social media as a definite approach to curbing misuse of naira, amongst other stricter regulatory
measures. Recommendations include enhanced collaboration between the CBN, NOA, and
social media platforms to address this issue, teamwork with celebrities to generate awareness
against misuse of the naira, encouraging Federal lawmakers to make more stringent laws on
misuse of the naira, the increased presence of EFCC in Nigerian universities to checkmate the
excesses of students and Cultural orientation by parents to instil a sense of contentment and
respect for honest labour and genuine jobs.

INFLUENCE OF BURNOUT ON EMOTIONAL LABOUR AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS IN THE MAKURDI METROPOLIS

2024-12-10T07:46:51+00:00

Due to the enormous job demands of a teacher, there is bound to be emotional
labour associated with the work. If properly handled it would impact positively on the lives of
students and lead to better teaching and learning. This study examines the influence of burnout
on emotional labour among Secondary school teachers in the Makurdi metropolis. The cross-
sectional research design was employed for the study. Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI,
1983) and Emotional Labour Scales were used. Participants were selected through simple
random sampling technique. The participants were made up of 237 (48.0%) males and
257(52.0%) females. The study has two main objectives, namely, to examine the influence of
burnout on emotional labour among secondary school teachers in Makurdi metropolis and to
explore gender differences in emotional labour among secondary school teachers in Makurdi
metropolis. Multiple linear regression analysis and independent t-test were used to analyse
data. Findings from the results revealed that overall burnout significantly and positively
influenced emotional labour among secondary school teachers in Makurdi metropolis [F
(3,490) =4652.728; P<.01; Finding also revealed that there were no significant gender
differences in emotional labour among secondary school teachers in Makurdi metropolis t (df,
492) =.336; P>.05. The study concluded that burnout is a determinant of emotional labour. The
higher the level of burnout by teachers, the higher the level of emotional labour. Gender
differences were not a predictor of emotional labour among teachers. The study recommended,
amongst others, that the Benue State Government, through the Ministry of Education, should
design policies and programmes such as training on coping strategies and an increase in
motivation that would add value to teachers’ welfare and productivity. More so, more teachers
should be hired to complement the efforts of the existing ones to reduce heavy workloads,
burnout and emotional labour. Training on coping strategies should be carried out to give
teachers the resiliency training they needed to overcome psychological strain and emotional
labour at work. This would increase efficiency and productivity among teachers in the state.

DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION AND BUSINESS MODEL INNOVATION: INSIGHTS FROM MULTINATIONAL COMPANIES IN SOUTH-SOUTH NIGERIA

2024-12-10T07:58:48+00:00

This study examined the effect of digital transformation on business model
innovation among multinational companies in South-South Nigeria. Utilizing a quantitative
approach with a cross-sectional survey, data were collected from a sample of 384 respondents
with digital expertise. Analysis revealed that digital transformation significantly drives
business model innovation, with big data analytics having the strongest influence, highlighting
the value of data-driven decision-making. Digital assets play a key role in developing new
business models, while digital agility and networking capabilities support flexibility and
collaboration. With 62% of business model innovation explained by digital transformation
variables, the study recommends investing in digital infrastructure, fostering agility, enhancing
collaboration, and leveraging advanced analytics to stay competitive.

ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION AND VENTURE INITIATIVES AMONG UNIVERSITY GRADUATES IN NORTHEASTERN NIGERIA

2024-12-10T08:09:03+00:00

This study explores the impact of entrepreneurship education on the venture
initiatives of university graduates in Northeastern Nigeria, focusing on graduates’ readiness to
engage in business, venture size, and business intentions. Northeastern Nigeria, which includes
states such as Adamawa, Bauchi, Borno, Gombe, Taraba, and Yobe, has faced economic and
social challenges due to prolonged insurgency, with high graduate unemployment despite
annual outputs of over 600,000 graduates in Nigeria. Given this context, the study examines
the role of entrepreneurship education in fostering entrepreneurial intentions among graduates
residing in the region. Using a structured questionnaire adapted from the Global
Entrepreneurship Monitor and other sources, data was collected from a representative sample
of 1,200 graduates across Bauchi, Gombe, and Taraba states. Probit and negative binomial
regression models were employed to analyze the data, assessing the influence of variables such
as entrepreneurship theoretical knowledge, practical skills, and personal entrepreneurial
characteristics on venture engagement. The findings reveal that while male graduates and those
with high practical skills show a greater tendency to engage in ventures, other factors like age,
educational background, and satisfaction with the entrepreneurship education structure also
significantly impact graduates' entrepreneurial actions. Graduates from fields such as arts,
social sciences, and sciences display varying levels of engagement, influenced by their
educational experiences. The results highlight the importance of aligning entrepreneurship
education with practical skills development to encourage graduates’ active participation in
ventures, thereby addressing unemployment in Northeastern Nigeria.

GENDER OPPORTUNITY GAP AND WAGE DIFFERENTIALS IN THE BANKING SECTOR OF NIGERIA

2024-12-10T08:20:56+00:00

This study investigated the effects of gender opportunity gap on wage
differentials in the banking sector of Nigeria, using Access Bank PLC as a unit of analysis.
Specifically, the study investigated the effects of unequal leadership promotion on basic salary
differentials between men and women, as well as how unequal work transfer opportunities
affect housing allowance payments to men and women. The study employed a survey and
descriptive research design. Questionnaires and interview methods were used for data
collection. The sample size was 320. Data analysis revealed that there is no significant
relationship between unequal leadership promotion and base pay differences for men and
women and that there is no significant relationship between unequal work transfer
opportunities and housing allowance differentials for men and women. This study bridges a
gap in the existing literature by examining specific organizational practices that perpetuate
gender-based wage differentials in the Nigerian banking sector. Based on the findings, it was
recommended that banks should develop clear and unbiased promotion criteria that are
accessible to all employees and regularly review compensation structures to identify and
address any discrepancies.

SOCIO-CULTURAL FACTORS INFLUENCING THE PRACTICE OF CERVICAL CANCER SCREENING AMONG WOMEN IN ANTENATAL AND POST NATAL CLINIC IN DALHATU ARAF SPECIALIST HOSPITAL LAFIA, NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA

2024-12-10T08:29:20+00:00

Cervical cancer continues to be a substantial health issue for women worldwide,
with a particularly high burden in low-resource settings where access to preventive care is often
limited. Although screening is an effective, cost-efficient way to reduce cervical cancer
incidence and improve outcomes, the rate of screening in the study area remains low. This
research aimed to examine the socio-cultural factors affecting cervical cancer screening
practices among women attending antenatal and postnatal care at Dalhatu Araf Specialist
Hospital, Lafia, using the Health Belief Model. A mixed-methods approach was employed,
incorporating surveys and in-depth interviews to gain a nuanced understanding of the
determinants influencing screening behaviour. Quantitative data were analysed using SPSS
version 25.0, while qualitative responses were organised thematically. The study found that,
although awareness of cervical cancer was high among respondents, numerous barriers limited
screening uptake. Factors such as a low perceived personal risk of cervical cancer, financial
constraints, spousal approval, fear of a positive diagnosis, lack of information about available
screening facilities, religious beliefs, discomfort with male healthcare providers, and overall
lack of awareness of screening benefits all impacted women's willingness and ability to engage
in screening practices. These findings show a complex interplay of personal beliefs, socio-
economic challenges, cultural norms, and healthcare system limitations that collectively
discourage regular screening. To address these barriers, the study recommends focused
educational campaigns that clarify screening benefits, community advocacy to increase
awareness, improved accessibility to screening services, healthcare provider training, and
engagement with community leaders to foster supportive attitudes toward screening.

MENTORING IN NIGERIAN HIGHER EDUCATION: DUAL ROLES AND IMPLICATIONS FOR ACADEMIC DEVELOPMENT

2024-12-10T08:34:57+00:00

Mentoring in Nigerian higher education institutions is crucial for academic and
professional development, yet it can also become a source of exploitation. The dual character
of academic mentoring—where mentors act as either opportunistic tormentors or supportive
guides—is investigated in this paper. Examining both the favourable effects of mentoring on
research output and the negative consequences of exploitative methods on mentees' well-being
using Social Exchange Theory as a framework, the paper shows weaknesses in formalised
mentorship systems that let unethical behaviour continue. Using case studies and flow charts,
this paper shows typical "tormenting" behaviours in mentoring. Results imply that Nigerian
colleges have to put in place disciplined, moral mentoring programs and responsibility systems
to provide a balanced intellectual environment fit for development.

GENDER, TAX KNOWLEDGE, AND COMPLIANCE AMONG SELF-EMPLOYED WORKERS IN LAGOS, NIGERIA

2024-12-10T08:39:06+00:00

This study investigates the relationship between gender, tax knowledge, and tax
compliance among self-employed workers in Nigeria. The study employed a quantitative
approach, collecting data through surveys administered to 129 self-employed individuals in
Lagos, Nigeria. Statistical analysis, including t-test, correlation and regression analysis, was
conducted to examine the relationships between gender, tax knowledge, and tax compliance.
The findings revealed no significant gender differences in tax compliance and tax knowledge
among self-employed workers in Nigeria. The study further explores possible reasons for this
unexpected result, considering factors such as equal access to education, cultural norms, tax
policies, and economic conditions. Additionally, the research confirms a positive relationship
between tax knowledge and tax compliance. Individuals with a higher level of tax knowledge
tend to exhibit greater tax compliance, reinforcing the importance of tax education and
awareness campaigns in promoting voluntary compliance. These findings underscore the need
for tailored tax policies and educational initiatives that consider the unique socio-economic
context of Nigeria. In conclusion, this study contributes valuable insights into the dynamics of
gender, tax knowledge, and tax compliance among self-employed workers in Nigeria. The
absence of gender differences in tax compliance challenges conventional assumptions and
highlights the need for context-specific research in tax compliance. Moreover, the positive
association between tax knowledge and compliance underscores the importance of educational
efforts to enhance tax literacy and ultimately improve voluntary compliance in Nigeria's self-
employed sector.

RADIO CONSUMPTION PATTERNS AMONG STUDENTS IN OSUN STATE

2024-12-10T08:43:40+00:00

This study explores radio content consumption patterns among students of Osun
State University, traditional media platforms such as radio continue to play a vital role in
disseminating information, particularly in developing regions like Nigeria. Radio, in particular,
remains a significant medium for communication, entertainment, and education, especially
among younger demographics such as students. Employing a quantitative research design that
combines survey and in-depth interview methods. The research instruments, including a
structured questionnaire and interview guide, collected both demographic and psychographic
data from respondents. The objectives of the study, were to determine how often students listen
to the radio and identify the types of programs they prefer, and to explore the locations and
times students are most likely to listen to the radio, as well as their motivations for doing so.
The study addresses four key research questions on listenership frequency, program
preferences, listening contexts, and motivations. Findings indicate that 63% of respondents
frequently listen to radio, with an additional 18% reporting very frequent listenership. The
majority prefer news, short dramas, and educational programs, though musical and
entertainment programs also attract significant interest. In terms of listening context, over half
of the respondents tune in from home, predominantly in the morning and evening hours. The
study reveals that students often listen to the radio to stay informed, entertain themselves, and
alleviate boredom, citing radio’s accessibility as a major advantage. The uses and gratification
theory and the reception theory frame these findings, emphasizing that user needs and
contextual influences, such as time and place guide media consumption. The research
concludes that radio listenership remains high among Uniosun students, despite the
proliferation of internet-based media. Students balance their academic schedules and media
consumption, tuning in during times that do not conflict with their academic commitments.
This highlights the enduring relevance of radio as a medium for information and entertainment
among university students

NEOLIBERAL FUEL SUBSIDY REFORMS: IMPACT ON COMMERCIAL DRIVERS' LIVELIHOODS IN AGWADA, NIGERIA

2024-12-10T08:49:34+00:00

This study provides a nuanced analysis of the micro-level socio-economic
consequences of fuel subsidy removal in rural Nigeria, focusing on commercial drivers in
Agwada, Nasarawa State. Grounded in Welfare Economics Theory (WET), the research offers
a comprehensive framework for understanding the welfare and distributional effects of such
economic policies. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study combines primary data,
obtained through structured questionnaires administered to commercial drivers at Mararaba
Agwada motor park, with secondary data from peer-reviewed scholarly sources and reputable
digital databases. Quantitative analysis of the survey data reveals that fuel subsidy removal has
significantly increased fuel prices, resulting in an over 50% rise in operational costs and a
corresponding decline in drivers’ earnings. These economic pressures have led to reduced
disposable income, increased indebtedness, depleted savings, and restricted access to
healthcare for drivers and their families. At the community level, the cascading effects include
suppressed market activities, declining school enrolment, and reduced employment
opportunities in vehicle maintenance. Despite adopting coping mechanisms such as fare
increases, route optimization, income diversification, and extended work hours, drivers
continue to face substantial economic hardships. The study underscores the need for targeted
interventions, including low-interest loans, infrastructure development, affordable healthcare
insurance, and reinstated fuel subsidies. These policy recommendations aim to alleviate the
economic burden on commercial drivers and promote socio-economic stability and resilience
within their communities.

EMPOWERING THE MARGINALISED COMMUNITIES IN MULTICULTURAL NIGERIA: THE ROLE OF COMMUNITY RADIO

2024-12-10T08:56:52+00:00

In a country like Nigeria, characterized by people of different races, ethnicities,
religion and nationalities, there are bound to be marginalised communities. These set of people
are being treated insignificantly and rendered powerless in the society they live in. Community
radio stations across the nation have taken it upon themselves to empower these marginalised
communities and be the voice for the people, as it is vital in combating marginalisation because
it gives marginalised people a forum to speak up, obtain pertinent information, and engage in
public conversation. The aim of the study was to identify and examine the role of community
radio in empowering the marginalised communities in a multicultural society like ours. This
study adopted the development media theory, using qualitative methodology while secondary
data was utilised. Other academics’ studies, as well as press articles served as sources. The
study concludes that community radio is considered a very important aspect in rural areas and
plays an active role in rural development. It helps cater for the information needs of the
marginalised society in a multicultural society. In addition, community radio could be used as
a tool to empower the marginalised or underprivileged and speak out against discrimination
and social injustices in society. The study recommended that community radios should ensure
access and participation, diversity, independence and locality. This is to make sure that
members of the marginalised groups can express their problems and difficulties via the station.

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OUTDOOR ADVERTISING: A STUDY OF OSUN STATE, NIGERIA

2024-12-10T09:05:57+00:00

This study explored the environmental impacts of outdoor advertising in Osun
State, with a focus on visual pollution, aesthetic degradation, and regulatory challenges. It
addressed a research gap in understanding the perceptions and implications of outdoor
advertising in a developing context. Using a quantitative research design, data were collected
through structured questionnaires from a stratified sample of 400 residents to ensure
representative participation from various demographics. Structured questionnaires collected
data on public perceptions and awareness, and descriptive statistics were employed to analyse
the findings. The results revealed a widespread public perception of outdoor advertising as a
source of visual pollution and a significant disruptor of environmental aesthetics. Respondents
identified low public awareness and ineffective regulatory enforcement as critical challenges.
Despite the presence of environmental regulations, their impact was perceived as minimal,
reflecting weak implementation frameworks and limited public engagement. This research
contributes to knowledge by highlighting the interplay between public perceptions and
regulatory effectiveness in addressing outdoor advertising pollution. It underscores the need
for enhanced public awareness, stronger enforcement mechanisms, and sustainable advertising
practices. The study’s findings have significant implications for urban planning and policy
development, offering actionable recommendations for creating visually harmonious urban
environments. Future research should investigate the economic impact of advertising
regulations and explore the effectiveness of policy interventions in mitigating visual pollution.

ANALYSING THE IMPACT OF SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS INFLUENCING VOTER TURNOUT IN NIGERIA’S FOURTH REPUBLIC (2015-2023)

2024-12-10T15:20:38+00:00

Despite various political situations in Nigerian democracy marked by various
political contexts and a wide range of strategies to contest the results, voter turnout in Nigerian
presidential elections has declined. This study aimed to investigate the influence of socio-
economic factors on voter turnout in Nigeria’s 2015, 2019, and 2023 presidential elections.
Using secondary data, the study employed descriptive statistics (maximum, minimum, mean,
and standard deviation) and ordinary least squares (OLS) regression analysis with the statistical
package for the social sciences (SPSS) environment to describe and evaluate the impact of
these factors on voter turnout, respectively. ESRI ArcGIS 10.8 was also used to examine the
geographical distribution of voter turnout. The findings revealed a significant decrease in the
average voter turnout of 46.72% in 2015, 35.63% in 2019, and 27.06% in the 2023 presidential
elections. Notably, states with higher voter turnout rates were often aligned with the ruling
party's geopolitical zones, which shifted over the three election cycles. Findings indicate that
socio-economic factors did not significantly affect voter turnout in the 2015 and 2023
presidential elections. Additionally, only the percentage of educated women negatively
influenced voter turnout in the 2019 presidential election. Based on these findings, the paper
recommends that the federal, state and local governments should further strengthen the
implementation of measures to reduce poverty and improve socio-economic conditions so that
citizens can participate more actively in elections.

ENHANCING THE ADOPTION OF ICT IN TEACHING AND LEARNING: EXPLORING KEY FACTORS IN NIGERIAN UNIVERSITIES

2024-12-10T15:45:12+00:00

This study investigates the factors influencing the successful adoption of
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in teaching and learning at Nigerian
universities. Using Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM), we
analysed data from 3,218 respondents across 12 Nigerian universities to examine the
relationship between key constructs—such as attitude, infrastructure, ICT training, usage,
professional development, and quality of ICT resources—and ICT adoption. The results reveal
that a positive attitude toward ICT, its active usage, and the quality of technological resources
significantly impact successful ICT adoption, with beta values of 0.076, 0.422, and 0.046,
respectively. However, organisational factors such as infrastructure, ICT training, and
professional development were not found to be significant contributors. These findings
underscore the importance of fostering a positive attitude, enhancing ICT engagement, and
ensuring the availability of high-quality technological resources to drive successful ICT
adoption in Nigerian higher education. The study concludes that while technical factors are
critical, further research is needed to explore how organisational support can be improved to
bolster the adoption process.

NAVIGATING POLITICAL SILENCE: THE IMPACT OF TWITTER BAN ON NIGERIAN YOUTH ACTIVISM

2024-12-10T15:55:45+00:00

Twitter has emerged as a vital forum for political activism and conversation,
particularly among young people. It is an effective instrument for political engagement because
of its capacity to promote quick information sharing, rally supporters, and magnify voices. The
consequences of this ban on political participation and communication have been significant.
It was extremely difficult for political movements that depended on the platform for
coordination and communication to stay visible and gain traction. It is a potent social media
tool that has transformed social interaction, communication, and information sharing across a
range of industries, including politics, entertainment, news, and private messaging. The study
aims to explore how youth activism and political participation have been affected by the ban,
as well as how they adapt and discover new ways to mobilise support and express their political
beliefs. The methodology of this study was gathered through primary data collection. The key
findings of the study are that the bans on Twitter led to a significant decline in political
participation among young people. In the absence of Twitter, young people are adopting a
variety of innovative approaches and techniques for political activism. This study concludes
that while censorship may inadvertently foster creativity and resilience in activists, pushing
them to develop new strategies, the implications of this kind of ban are profound. The study
recommends that to sustain youths’ political engagement despite challenges posed by Twitter
restriction; society must go back to the traditional route: an offline community-building effort
where youths can engage in discussions like town hall meetings and face-to-face interactions
with grassroots leaders like the Local Government Chairman to mitigate the effects of the
banned online space.

PUBLIC PERCEPTION OF BILLBOARD ADVERTISING IN OSOGBO, NIGERIA: INSIGHTS FROM A QUALITATIVE STUDY

2024-12-10T16:04:38+00:00

Billboard advertising remains a pivotal component in marketing, utilising
prominent locations, creative visuals, and emotional appeals to captivate audiences. This study
explores public perception of billboard advertising in Osogbo, Osun State, examining its
impact on organisational profit maximisation and associated challenges. Findings reveal that
billboards are highly regarded for enhancing brand visibility and reaching diverse audiences,
particularly non-digital populations. However, their effectiveness is undermined by challenges
such as design clutter, oversaturation in certain areas, and limited viewer interaction time.
Residents appreciate billboards for bridging traditional and digital media gaps, particularly in
reaching non-digital audiences. However, issues such as fleeting attention spans and
overemphasis on models rather than products diminish their impact. These insights underscore
the need for strategic placements, simple messaging, and contextually relevant content to
optimise billboard advertising outcomes. The study highlights the importance of strategic
placement, concise messaging, and culturally relevant content to enhance billboard advertising
outcomes. These insights contribute to the growing discourse on optimising advertising
strategies in an increasingly competitive media landscape.

IMPACT OF PUBLIC SERVICE REFORMS ON WORKERS’ PRODUCTIVITY IN THE FEDERAL CIVIL SERVICE, ABUJA, NIGERIA

2024-12-10T16:12:23+00:00

Public service performance challenges in Nigeria date back to the colonial
period, leading to the introduction of many reforms as a remedy to those maladies. Those
reforms, however, have not achieved any significant results. This study, therefore, sought to
assess the implications of reforms in achieving organizational stability, particularly in the
Nigerian civil service. It also delved into factors that led to public service reforms and
ascertained their benefits to the general performance of civil servants. The study adopted a
descriptive survey design using questionnaires and an interview guide to generate its primary
data. The target population was made up of all the 94,511 workers in the federal civil service
in Abuja. A sample of 622 participants was selected using Taro Yamane (1967) through
multistage and simple random sampling techniques. Major findings of the study show that
reforms were considered a potential measure of organisational ineffective and inefficient
service delivery. It was discovered that the reasons why reforms have not achieved their
primary objective were corruption and the parochial interests of the officials. The study
recommends that the government should desist from all subtleness by intensifying efforts at all
costs through a genuine willingness to tackle favouritism, nepotism and others that jeopardise
government reforms in the civil service. Also, corrupt officials must be dealt with decisively
to serve as a deterrent for future occurrences.

FINANCIAL DEEPENING AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA: AN AUTOREGRESSIVE DISTRIBUTED LAG APPROACH

2024-12-10T16:29:47+00:00

This study investigates the effect of financial deepening on economic growth in
Nigeria. The annual times series data from 1991 to 2022 were used for the study, while the ex-
post facto research design was adopted for the study. The Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF)
and the Phillipps-Perron methods were used to test for unit roots. The data were analyzed using
the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach. In contrast, the Breusch-Pagan-Godfrey
test for heteroskedasticity, Correlogram of Residuals Squared, Cusum test and Histogram
Normality test were also used for the diagnostic test. The outcome of the long-run analysis
indicates that the Ratio of broad money to GDP and Market capitalization have a positive and
significant effect on the Gross Domestic Product, while Credit to the private sector to GDP has
an inverse and significant impact on the Gross Domestic Product. Conversely, the Liquidity
ratio of commercial banks has a negative and no significant effect on the Gross Domestic
Product. Thus, the study finds that financial deepening significantly impacts Nigeria’s
economic growth. Hence, the study concludes that financial deepening has a significant effect
on economic growth in Nigeria. Finally, the study suggests that Banks should extend more
credit facilities to sectors of the economy that are production-driven

IMPACT OF BROKEN HOMES ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT AMONG SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN IMO STATE, NIGERIA

2024-12-10T16:40:28+00:00

This study was carried out specifically to find out the commonality of students
in secondary schools from broken homes, establish whether such family background had an
effect on their school performance, and submit ways such students can be helped to improve
their academic performance. This study employed a survey design utilizing a simple random
sampling methodology. The population sample consisted of teachers and students from senior
secondary schools within Mbaitoli Local Government Area, Imo State. This approach ensured
that the selection of participants was unbiased and representative of the broader population,
thus enhancing the reliability and validity of the findings. In determining the sample size, the
researcher used 266 respondents with 259 validated. A self-constructed and validated
questionnaire was utilized for data collection, and statistical analysis was performed using
frequency tables and mean scores. The findings revealed that broken homes tend to contribute
to a negative flagging on the affected students’ academic performance. It is therefore
recommended that married people should think about the implications of the negative effect
that broken relationship can have on the emotional, academic, social, and educational
performance of their children and wards in the long and short term. The author is of the opinion
that schools should provide accessible and well-resourced counselling services with trained
and motivated professionals who can support students' emotional and psychological well-
being.

EARNINGS PER SHARE AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF LISTED ICT FIRMS IN NIGERIA: A PANEL STUDY

2024-12-10T16:53:01+00:00

The study examined the relationship between earnings per share and the
financial performance of listed information and communication technology in Nigeria: A Panel
Study. The specific objective was to ascertain the extent to which earnings per share relates to
the net profit margin, return on asset and the asset turnover of listed ICT firms in Nigeria. This
study utilised an ex-post facto research design. The study's population comprises all ICT firms
listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group as of the end of the 2023 financial year. The purposive
sampling technique was employed to select five (5) firms. Secondary data for this research
were obtained from the financial statements of the selected firms from 2014 to 2023.
Descriptive statistics, including mean and standard deviation, were used to analyse the data.
For hypothesis testing, inferential statistical analysis was conducted using the Pearson Product
Moment Correlation Analysis technique. The findings show that Earnings Per Share has a
negative but non-significant relationship with the net profit margin of listed ICT firms in
Nigeria (r = -0.161723; p-value = 0.2885); Earnings Per Share has a positive but non-significant
relationship with the return on assets of listed ICT firms in Nigeria (r = 0.255900; p-value =
0.0898); Earnings Per Share has a positive and significant relationship with the asset turnover
ratio of listed ICT firms in Nigeria (r = 0.486598; p-value = 0.0007).In conclusion, while EPS
positively influences Return on Assets and Asset Turnover Ratio, indicating improved asset
efficiency and sales effectiveness, its negative relationship with Net Profit Margin suggests
potential trade-offs between short-term earnings enhancement and long-term profitability. The
study recommends that the board of directors should prioritise strategies that enhance
operational efficiency rather than focusing solely on increasing EPS through financial
manoeuvres like share buybacks.

THE IMPORTANCE OF HUMAN FRATERNITY AND SELFEFFICACY AMONG STUDENTS IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN DELTA STATE

2025-01-29T08:34:21+00:00

The study explored the importance of human fraternity and self-efficacy among students in public secondary schools in Delta State. Two research question were raised in the study. The study adopted the survey research method. The population for this study comprised all public secondary school principals, teachers and students in Delta State. There are currently 479 public secondary schools in Delta State made up of 479 principals, 14,877 teachers and 32,564 SS3 students in Delta State. The sample for this study was 50 principals, 100 teachers and 350 students in selected public secondary schools Delta State. Two instruments (Human Fraternity and Self-efficacy Teachers Questionnaire (HFSTQ) and Human Fraternity and Self-efficacy Students Questionnaire (HFSSQ)) were used to collect data for the study. The reliability coefficients of the instruments ranged from 0.74 to 0.86 through Cronbach Alpha. Simple percentage, Mean, standard deviation, one sample t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and regression statistics (simple and multiple) were the statistical tools deployed for the analysis of data collected. Based on the findings, it was concluded that human fraternity and self-efficacy are essential components of a holistic education that foster the cognitive, emotional and social development of students. It empowers students to take ownership of their learning, build resilience and develop a growth mindset. Inclusivity from the human fraternity enhances self-efficacy. Human fraternity and self-efficacy create a powerful synergy that can transform the educational experience. Policies of divisions and extremism are tearing the world apart. Students should be taught how to coexist with students of other ethnic groups and those excluded due to various challenges. Based on the conclusion, it therefore recommended that the government and policy-makers should incorporate human fraternity and self-efficacy into the curriculum to promote a holistic education and develop assessments and evaluations to measure human fraternity's impact on students, whether positive or negative.

TEACHER PERCEPTIONS OF HOMEWORK AS AN ASSESSMENT TOOL IN PRIMARY SCIENCE EDUCATION

2025-01-29T08:37:32+00:00

A popular teaching method, homework is frequently used to evaluate students' comprehension and reinforce their learning. However, there is controversy regarding the validity of homework as an assessment tool in elementary scientific education, particularly with regard to how well it gauges individual accomplishment and practical abilities. Primary school instructors in Delta State, Nigeria, regularly assign homework, but little research has been done on how they see its importance and difficulties. The purpose of this study was to find out how primary school teachers felt about homework as a scientific evaluation tool. The study aimed to understand teachers' opinions on its efficacy, implementation difficulties, suitability for evaluating practical activities, and its wider function in reinforcing learning. Data was gathered from 188 primary school teachers in Delta State using a descriptive survey design. Participants filled out a standardized questionnaire to gauge their opinions on the usefulness, constraints, and overall goal of homework. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics. to the findings, teachers usually believe that homework helps students learn science, but many have reservations about using it for official evaluation. Among the difficulties noted include reliance on outside help, academic dishonesty (copying), and workload limitations that compromise the thoroughness of grading. The majority of educators believe that homework is inappropriate for evaluating practical science assignments that call for active participation. Rather than being a significant assessment tool, they see homework as an additional, formative tool. The results underscore the need to encourage students' self-directed learning, moral study habits, and stress management, which has ramifications for counselling psychologists employed in educational environments. The study also highlights how crucial it is to advise parents on how best to assist with homework and promote productive study habits.

A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE IMPACT OF INCENTIVES ON JOB PERFORMANCE AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS IN AFRICA

2025-01-29T08:40:01+00:00

Africa has a weak health system, and one of the motivating factors for an effective health system is a poorly motivated workforce that is dissatisfied with their jobs. This study undertook a systematic review of studies that examined the impact of rewards on the motivation of healthcare workers in Africa. Electronic databases were searched for peerreviewed articles published in English with full-text retrieval within the period 2000-2023. Databases searched included Google Scholar, PubMed, Medline, and African Journals on Line (AJOL). The initial search gave rise to 984 articles retrieved from the databases. After screening, seventeen articles were included in the review. Three broad themes with sub-themes were identified, and they include financial incentives, organizational factors, and contingent rewards. Financial incentives, increments in salary, promotion with salary increments, pay-forperformance, cash bonuses, health and hazard allowances, and fringe benefits motivate healthcare workers. The study noted that salary is the strongest reward that motivates healthcare workers in Africa. Contingent rewards show that appreciation, recognition, and acknowledgement inspire workers into better performance and create job satisfaction. Organization-related factors that influence the behaviour of healthcare workers include the working conditions, the nature of the job, job autonomy, engagement, empowerment, supportive supervision, and an effective leadership approach. The study reported a high level of dissatisfaction among healthcare workers in Africa. In order to motivate healthcare workers, governments of African countries must strive to upgrade the salary structure, ensure that workers are regularly promoted, and improve work conditions. Improvements in work conditions entail creating enabling work environments, establishing flexible work schedules, and creating an atmosphere for cooperation, open communication, and interdependency among healthcare workers. Efforts should be made to provide adequate resources, equipment, and health infrastructure, and governments of African countries must strive to increase the number of health personnel per 1000 of the African population.

COPING WITH TRAUMA

2025-01-29T08:46:59+00:00

This study explores the intricate connection between social support, domestic violence, and teenage outcomes, emphasizing the vital role that social support plays in mitigating the harmful impacts of domestic violence. A thorough analysis of the evidence shows that while school-based treatments, family-centred programs, and community resources are crucial for fostering teenage wellbeing, individual traits like emotional intelligence and resilience also affect results. Evidence-based therapies, cultural sensitivity, and trauma-informed care are essential elements of successful support networks. In order to address the unique needs of adolescents exposed to domestic abuse, policy and practice suggestions place a strong emphasis on the necessity of financing, training, and cooperation. This discussion highlights the value of all-encompassing support networks in fostering resilience and overall well-being in young people impacted by domestic abuse.

EVALUATING THE IMPACT OF ELECTRONIC VOTING SYSTEM ON ELECTORAL CREDIBILITY

2025-01-29T08:49:36+00:00

This study examined the electronic voting system and election credibility in Imo state with a focus on the 2019 governorship election. The specific objectives are to ascertain if the application of the electronic voting system in the 2019 general elections has enhanced election credibility in Imo State, verify how the malfunctioning of the smart card reader affected the credibility of the 2019 governorship elections and examine how the issue of competent personnel employed for utilising technology affected the credibility of 2019 governorship elections in Imo State. The theory of technological determinism was adopted as the framework for analysis. The survey research design was used and data were collected through primary sources using the questionnaire instrument and focus group discussion. Data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The quantitative analysis was done using the mean score statistical method and the thematic analysis was utilized to analyze the qualitative data. The study revealed that the application of the e-voting system has not significantly enhanced election credibility in 2019 governorship election in Imo State. Additionally, the study observed that the malfunctioning of smart card reader and issue of competent personnel significantly militated against the credibility of the 2019 governorship elections in Imo State. It was recommended for adoption of a full voting system or electronic transmission of result, improvement of electronic devices and adequate training of both permanent and ad-hoc staff.

THE ROLE OF SPIRITUALITY IN TRAUMA MANAGEMENT AND RECOVERY

2025-01-29T08:52:00+00:00

This discourse highlights the value of holistic therapy approaches while examining the critical role of spirituality in trauma management and its consequences. A spiritual viewpoint is used to evaluate the complex impacts of trauma, which include psychological (anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder), bodily (chronic pain, neurobiological alterations), and social (isolation, relational difficulties) effects. The implications of integrating spirituality into trauma rehabilitation are discussed, emphasising the benefits of practices like meditation, prayer, and rituals, as well as the role that spiritual communities play in fostering social support. Though distinct from religion, spirituality intersects with it and offers a unique way of coping through transcendence, connection, and the creation of meaning. Counselling practice considerations, including spiritual assessment and ethical standards, are examined.